Tunis Med. 2021;99(8):911-918.
Dermatomycosis are fungal infections of the skin and/or phanera, which are often benign but can have an impact on the vital and functional prognosis in diabetic patients.
The aim of our work was to study the epidemiological, clinical and mycological profile of dermatomycosis in diabetic patients.
This was a retrospective descriptive study carried out in the Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory of Charles-Nicolle Hospital over a three-year period (2016-2018). We collected diabetic patients who were referred for suspected dermatomycosis.
Dermatomycosis was confirmed in 799 of the 1007 diabetic patients referred to our laboratory (79.34%) and in 1055 lesions among the 1344 sites sampled (78.50%). Among patients with dermatomycosis, a female predominance was observed with a sex- ratio=0.83. The mean age of the patients was 57.11 [2-82]. The patients with type 2 diabetes were the most affected (86.35%) (p=0.038). The mean duration of lesion progression was 5.0±5.5 years. The most common dermatomycoses were toenail onychomycoses (59.62%), followed by fingernail onychomycoses (15.26%), plantar keratoderma (10.24%), and intertrigo in small skin folds (5.59%). Dermatophytes were the most frequently isolated fungi (80.1%; p<0.001), with predominance of Trichophyton rubrum (78.8%). Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated yeast (11.8%).
Dermatomycosis are common in diabetic patients. Although they are often benign, these fungal infections can engage the functional prognosis or even become life-threatening in case of diabetes. Mycological diagnosis is necessary in case of clinical suspicion in order to confirm the diagnosis, guide the treatment and avoid complications.
皮肤真菌病是皮肤和/或黏膜的真菌感染，通常为良性，但会对糖尿病患者的生命和功能预后产生影响。
我们的研究目的是研究糖尿病患者皮肤真菌病的流行病学、临床和真菌学特征。
这是一项回顾性描述性研究，在三年期间（2016 年至 2018 年）在 Charles-Nicolle 医院寄生虫学-真菌学实验室进行。我们收集了被转介疑似皮肤真菌病的糖尿病患者。
在我们实验室转介的 1007 例糖尿病患者中，有 799 例（79.34%）和 1344 个采样部位中的 1055 个（78.50%）确诊为皮肤真菌病。在患有皮肤真菌病的患者中，观察到女性居多，性别比为 0.83。患者的平均年龄为 57.11 岁[2-82 岁]。2 型糖尿病患者受影响最严重（86.35%）（p=0.038）。病变进展的平均持续时间为 5.0±5.5 年。最常见的皮肤真菌病是趾甲甲真菌病（59.62%），其次是指甲甲真菌病（15.26%）、足底角化病（10.24%）和小皮褶间擦疹（5.59%）。真菌分离物中最常见的是皮肤癣菌（80.1%；p<0.001），其中以红色毛癣菌为主（78.8%）。白色念珠菌是最常分离到的酵母（11.8%）。
皮肤真菌病在糖尿病患者中很常见。虽然它们通常是良性的，但这些真菌感染会影响功能预后，甚至在糖尿病的情况下危及生命。如果临床怀疑有真菌感染，需要进行真菌学诊断以明确诊断、指导治疗并避免并发症。
