Zhao Teng, Dang Yun-Qi, Wang Ao-Nan, Gao He-Ting, Zhang Heng-Duan, Xing Dan, Li Bo-Qi, Li Yong-Jiu, Liu Zhu, Li Chun-Xiao
State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Heilongjiang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Feb 21;12:701089. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.701089. eCollection 2021.
Wild animal pathogen surveillance will help to understand the next possible pandemic in advance. Rodents, which have close contact with humans, are generally regarded as a key factor for zoonotic disease control. Given the variation in rodent virus composition in diverse ecologies, we conducted a study on the viral infection of rodents of diverse species in different typical environments of Heilongjiang and Yunnan Provinces, located in northeastern and southwestern China, respectively.
Viral metagenomics sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were performed to determine the different distributions of rodent-borne viruses in typical environments of Heilongjiang and Yunnan Provinces, China. After viral culture and PCR confirmation, genomic and phylogenetic quantitative analysis was performed on the detected hantaviruses (HVs) and Beilong viruses (BeiVs).
Nineteen rodents from three species and 35 rodents from five species of rodents were collected from Heilongjiang and Yunnan Provinces, respectively. Although the number and number of species of rodents trapped in the northeast were fewer than those in the southwest, viruses annotated from rodents in Heilongjiang were more diverse than those in Yunnan. Rodents carried 22 virus families in Heilongjiang and 13 families in Yunnan. Sequences assembled from were annotated to the M, L, and S segments of HV, and all were clustered within the Seoul-type hantavirus (SEOV). There were 2 (R81Q, S698T) and 4 (K153R, M168I, I279S, and R1790K) amino acid site substitutions in M and L compared with the versions in the most homologous strains. Two BeiV isolates from were closely related to BeiV from brown rats in Hong Kong, with high bootstrap values of >90% in the N segment and > 95% in the L segment. They were further clustered with Tailam virus, forming a distinct group in Paramyxoviridae.
The rodents from Heilongjiang and Yunnan located in northeast and southwest China, respectively, had different viral spectra, and only one-third (10/32) of virus families were detected in both areas. The predominant viruses were HV and BeiV in the and families, respectively. Rodent-borne viruses in the same species were similar in different geographic disparate areas owing to their similar close contact with human habitats and human activities. Additional attention should be given to the monitoring of neglected rodent-borne viruses, especially opportunistic viruses with currently low loads.
野生动物病原体监测有助于提前了解下一次可能的大流行。与人类密切接触的啮齿动物通常被视为控制人畜共患病的关键因素。鉴于不同生态环境中啮齿动物病毒组成的差异，我们对分别位于中国东北和西南的黑龙江省和云南省不同典型环境中的多种啮齿动物进行了病毒感染研究。
采用病毒宏基因组学测序和生物信息学分析，以确定中国黑龙江省和云南省典型环境中啮齿动物传播病毒的不同分布情况。在病毒培养和PCR确认后，对检测到的汉坦病毒（HV）和贝龙病毒（BeiV）进行基因组和系统发育定量分析。
分别从黑龙江省和云南省收集了来自3个物种的19只啮齿动物和来自5个物种的35只啮齿动物。尽管东北地区捕获的啮齿动物数量和种类少于西南地区，但黑龙江省啮齿动物中注释出的病毒比云南省的更多样化。黑龙江省的啮齿动物携带22个病毒科，云南省的携带13个病毒科。从 组装的序列被注释到HV的M、L和S片段，并且全部聚集在汉城型汉坦病毒（SEOV）内。与最同源毒株的版本相比，M和L中有2个（R81Q、S698T）和4个（K153R、M168I、I279S和R1790K）氨基酸位点替换。来自 的2株BeiV分离株与香港褐家鼠的BeiV密切相关，在N片段中的自展值>90%，在L片段中的自展值>95%。它们进一步与塔伊拉病毒聚类，在副粘病毒科中形成一个独特的组。
分别位于中国东北和西南的黑龙江省和云南省的啮齿动物具有不同的病毒谱，且两个地区仅检测到三分之一（10/32）的病毒科。主要病毒分别是 科和 科中的HV和BeiV。同一物种的啮齿动物传播病毒在不同地理区域中相似，这是由于它们与人类栖息地和人类活动的紧密接触相似。应更多关注对被忽视的啮齿动物传播病毒的监测，尤其是当前载量较低的机会性病毒。
