Graduate Medical Education, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Feb 22;14(5):933. doi: 10.3390/nu14050933.
Physical exercise is an important part of regular care for people with cystic fibrosis (CF). It is unknown whether such exercise has beneficial or detrimental effects on nutritional status (body composition). Thus, the objective of this review was to evaluate the effect of exercise on measures of nutritional status in children and adults with CF.
Standardized reporting guidelines for systematic reviews were followed and the protocol was prospectively registered. Multiple databases were utilized (e.g., PubMed, Scopus, and CINHAL). Two reviewers independently reviewed titles/abstracts and then the full text for selected studies.
In total, 924 articles were originally identified; data were extracted from 4 eligible studies. These four studies included only children; pulmonary function ranged from severe to normal, and the majority of participants were at or below their recommended weight. Exercise training did not worsen nutritional status in any study; two studies that included resistance exercise reported an increase in fat-free mass. Three of the four studies also reported increased aerobic capacity and/or muscle strength.
Exercise training can produce positive physiologic changes in children with CF without impairing their nutritional status. In fact, resistance exercise can help improve body mass. Much less is known about how exercise may affect adults or those who are overweight.
体育锻炼是囊性纤维化（CF）患者常规护理的重要组成部分。目前尚不清楚这种锻炼对营养状况（身体成分）是有益还是有害。因此，本综述的目的是评估运动对 CF 患儿和成人营养状况指标的影响。
本研究遵循系统评价的标准化报告指南，并进行了前瞻性注册。利用多个数据库（如 PubMed、Scopus 和 CINHAL）进行检索。两位审查员独立地对标题/摘要进行审查，然后对入选的研究进行全文审查。
最初共确定了 924 篇文章；从 4 项符合条件的研究中提取了数据。这四项研究仅包括儿童；肺功能从严重到正常不等，大多数参与者的体重处于或低于推荐体重。在任何一项研究中，运动训练都没有使营养状况恶化；两项包含抗阻运动的研究报告了去脂体重的增加。这四项研究中的三项还报告了有氧运动能力和/或肌肉力量的增加。
运动训练可以在不损害 CF 患儿营养状况的情况下，产生积极的生理变化。事实上，抗阻运动有助于改善体重。对于运动如何影响成年人或超重者，人们知之甚少。
