i3s-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, R. Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
INEB-Biomedical Engineering Institute, University of Porto, Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Feb 26;23(5):2592. doi: 10.3390/ijms23052592.
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is an eye disease typically associated with the aging and can be classified into two types-namely, the exudative and the nonexudative AMD. Currently available treatments for exudative AMD use intravitreal injections, which are associated with high risk of infection that can lead to endophthalmitis, while no successful treatments yet exist for the nonexudative form of AMD. In addition to the pharmacologic therapies administered by intravitreal injection already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in exudative AMD, there are some laser treatments approved that can be used in combination with the pharmacological therapies. In this review, we discuss the latest developments of treatment options for AMD. Relevant literature available from 1993 was used, which included original articles and reviews available in PubMed database and also information collected from Clinical Trials Gov website using "age-related macular degeneration" and "antiangiogenic therapies" as keywords. The clinical trials search was limited to ongoing trials from 2015 to date.
年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）是一种与衰老相关的眼部疾病，可分为渗出型和非渗出型两种。目前治疗渗出型 AMD 的方法是玻璃体内注射，这种方法存在感染风险，可能导致眼内炎，而对于非渗出型 AMD，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。除了已被美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准用于治疗渗出型 AMD 的玻璃体内注射药物疗法外，还有一些激光治疗方法也已获得批准，可以与药物疗法联合使用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 AMD 的最新治疗选择。使用了 1993 年以来可获得的相关文献，包括 PubMed 数据库中可获得的原始文章和综述，以及从 ClinicalTrials.gov 网站上收集的信息，使用“年龄相关性黄斑变性”和“抗血管生成治疗”作为关键词。临床试验检索仅限于 2015 年至今正在进行的试验。
