Infectious Diseases Division, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 28;19(5):2811. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052811.
Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness and can lead to hospitalization and even death. Understanding how comorbidities affect the severity of influenza can help clinical management. The aim of this study is to offer more information about comorbidities that might be associated with the severity of influenza in children. We used a statewide network in Rhode Island, USA, to extract data for laboratory-confirmed influenza cases among children 19 years old or younger. We identified 1169 lab-confirmed influenza cases. The most common comorbidities were asthma (17.1%), neurodevelopmental disorders (10.3%), gastrointestinal disorders (7.6%), atopic dermatitis (7%), and endocrine and metabolic diseases (6.8%). Interestingly, 80.8% (63 out of 78) of children who had an influenza-related hospital admission had at least one comorbidity, and among hospitalized children with influenza, the most common comorbidities were neurological diseases (28.2%, 22/78), gastrointestinal disorders (25.6%, 20/78), endocrine and metabolic diseases (24.4%, 19/78), and neurodevelopmental disorders (23.1%, 18/78). Children with endocrine or metabolic diseases were 8.23 times more likely to be admitted to the hospital, and children with neurological disorders were 6.35 times more likely to be admitted (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 4.42-15.32 and OR: 6.35, 95% CI: 3.60-11.24, respectively). In summary, we identified specific comorbidities associated with influenza hospitalization and length of hospital stay, and these groups should be prioritized for public health interventions.
流感是一种传染性呼吸道疾病，可导致住院甚至死亡。了解合并症如何影响流感的严重程度有助于临床管理。本研究旨在提供更多关于可能与儿童流感严重程度相关的合并症的信息。我们使用美国罗德岛州的全州网络提取了 19 岁或以下实验室确诊流感病例的数据。我们确定了 1169 例实验室确诊的流感病例。最常见的合并症是哮喘（17.1%）、神经发育障碍（10.3%）、胃肠道疾病（7.6%）、特应性皮炎（7%）和内分泌及代谢疾病（6.8%）。有趣的是，80.8%（78 例中有 63 例）因流感相关住院的儿童至少有一种合并症，在因流感住院的儿童中，最常见的合并症是神经系统疾病（28.2%，78 例中有 22 例）、胃肠道疾病（25.6%，78 例中有 20 例）、内分泌及代谢疾病（24.4%，78 例中有 19 例）和神经发育障碍（23.1%，78 例中有 18 例）。患有内分泌或代谢疾病的儿童住院的可能性是其他儿童的 8.23 倍，患有神经系统疾病的儿童住院的可能性是其他儿童的 6.35 倍（OR：8.23，95%CI：4.42-15.32 和 OR：6.35，95%CI：3.60-11.24）。总之，我们确定了与流感住院和住院时间相关的特定合并症，这些群体应优先考虑进行公共卫生干预。
