School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150006, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 6;19(5):3104. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19053104.
Urban public sports facilities have captured much public attention because of their close ties to public health. However, few studies have comprehensively assessed the equity of accessibility to various types of public sports space with a fine scale. This study proposed a spatial equity measurement method based on multi-source urban data and GIS network analysis. Residential buildings were taken as the minimum research unit to investigate the equity differences of residents' enjoyment of urban public sports space accessible by walking and public transportation. Taking Harbin, China, as an example, this study calculated and visualized the proximity of more than 12,000 residential buildings to a variety of public sports space in the central urban area. The results showed that: (1) urban centers enjoy more public sports space resources than border areas, that is, the developed area has more advantages than the emerging area; (2) according to the classification of sports space, their spatial distribution pattern and measurement results are obviously different; (3) the areas with a low walking equity degree also had a low bus equity degree. This study integrated multi-source data into the traditional spatial computing models and provided an important reference for the equitable planning of urban public sports space.
城市公共体育设施与公众健康密切相关，引起了广泛关注。然而，很少有研究能够全面评估各种类型公共体育空间的可达性公平性，并且评估的粒度也很精细。本研究提出了一种基于多源城市数据和 GIS 网络分析的空间公平性度量方法。以住宅建筑作为最小的研究单元，研究了步行可达和公共交通可达的城市公共体育空间的居民享受公平性差异。以中国哈尔滨为例，本研究计算并可视化了 12000 多个住宅建筑与市中心各种公共体育空间的接近程度。结果表明：（1）城市中心比边缘地区拥有更多的公共体育空间资源，即发达地区比新兴地区具有更多优势；（2）根据体育空间的分类，其空间分布模式和度量结果明显不同；（3）步行公平度低的区域，公交公平度也低。本研究将多源数据整合到传统的空间计算模型中，为城市公共体育空间的公平规划提供了重要参考。
