Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis 88040-370, Brazil.
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;22(5):1811. doi: 10.3390/s22051811.
A specific pulsed electric field protocol can be used to induce electroporation. This is used in the food industry for yeast pasteurization, in laboratories for generic transfer and the medical field for cancer treatment. The sensing of electroporation can be done with simple 'instantaneous' voltage-current analysis. However, there are some intrinsic low-frequency phenomena superposing the electroporation current, such as electrode polarization. The biological media are non-homogeneous, giving them specific characterization in the broad frequency spectrum. For example, the cell barrier, i.e., cell membrane, causes so called β-dispersion in the frequency range of tens to thousands of kHz. Electroporation is a dynamic phenomenon characterized by altering the cell membrane permeability. In this work, we show that the impedance measurement at certain frequencies could be used to detect the occurrence of electroporation, i.e., dielectric dispersion modulated sensing. This approach may be used for the design and implementation of electroporation systems. Yeast suspension electroporation is simulated to show changes in the frequency spectrum. Moreover, the alteration depends on characteristics of the system. Three types of external buffers and their characteristics are evaluated.
可以使用特定的脉冲电场方案来诱导电穿孔。这在食品工业中用于酵母巴氏杀菌，在实验室中用于通用转移，在医学领域用于癌症治疗。电穿孔的检测可以通过简单的“瞬时”电压-电流分析来完成。然而，有一些内在的低频现象叠加在电穿孔电流上，例如电极极化。生物介质不均匀，在宽频谱中具有特定的特征。例如，细胞屏障，即细胞膜，在几十到几千千赫兹的频率范围内引起所谓的β-频散。电穿孔是一种以改变细胞膜通透性为特征的动态现象。在这项工作中，我们表明，在某些频率下进行阻抗测量可以用于检测电穿孔的发生，即介电色散调制传感。这种方法可用于电穿孔系统的设计和实施。模拟了酵母悬浮液的电穿孔，以显示频谱的变化。此外，这种改变取决于系统的特性。评估了三种类型的外部缓冲液及其特性。
