追求更好的肉鸡：传统和生长速度较慢的肉鸡品种的胫骨形态、断裂强度和灰分含量。
In pursuit of a better broiler: tibial morphology, breaking strength, and ash content in conventional and slower-growing strains of broiler chickens.
机构信息
Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Campbell Centre for the Study of Animal Welfare, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
出版信息
Poult Sci. 2022 Apr;101(4):101755. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101755. Epub 2022 Jan 30.
This study was conducted to determine the differences in bone traits in 14 strains of broiler chickens differing in growth rate. The strains encompassed 2 conventional (CONV; ADG >60 g/d) and 12 slower-growing (SG) strains classified as FAST (ADG = 53-55 g/d), MOD (ADG = 50-51 g/d), and SLOW (ADG <50 g/d), with 4 strains represented in each SG category. A total of 7,216 mixed-sex birds were equally allocated into 164 pens (44 birds/pen; 30 kg/m) in a randomized incomplete block design, with each strain represented in 8 to 12 pens over 2-3 trials. From each pen, 4 birds (2 males and 2 females) were individually weighed and euthanized at 2 target weights (TWs) according to their time to reach approximately 2.1 kg (TW1: 34 d for CONV and 48 d for SG strains) and 3.2 kg (TW2: 48 d for CONV and 62 d for SG strains). Tibiae samples were dissected, and length and diameter were recorded. Left tibiae were used for tibial breaking strength (TBS) at both TWs and tibial ash at TW2. At TW1, CONV birds' tibiae were narrowest and shortest (P < 0.001), yet had similar TBS compared to the other categories (P > 0.69). At TW2, category (P > 0.50) had no effect on tibial diameter, yet CONV birds had the shortest tibiae (P < 0.001). The CONV birds had greater TBS:BW ratio than FAST and MOD birds at both TWs 1 and 2 (P < 0.039) and similar ash content as the other categories at TW2 (P > 0.220). At 48 d of age, CONV birds had the greatest absolute TBS (P < 0.003), yet lower TBS:BW ratio than SLOW birds (P < 0.001). Tibiae from CONV birds were longer than MOD and SLOW birds, and thicker in diameter than the other categories, yet CONV birds had the lowest dimensions relative to BW (P < 0.001) at 48 d, indicating a negative association between accelerated growth and tibial dimensions. These results indicate that differences in functional abilities among categories may be due to differences in morphometric traits rather than differences in bone strength and mineralization.
本研究旨在确定在生长速度不同的 14 个肉鸡品种中，骨骼特征的差异。这些品种包括 2 个传统品种（CONV；日增重超过 60 克/天）和 12 个生长速度较慢的品种（FAST；日增重=53-55 克/天）、MOD（日增重=50-51 克/天）和 SLOW（日增重<50 克/天），每个品种在每个 SG 类别中都有 4 个代表。总共 7216 只混合性别鸡被平均分配到 164 个笼子（44 只鸡/笼；30 公斤/米）中，采用随机不完全区组设计，每个品种在 2-3 次试验中代表 8-12 个笼子。从每个笼子中，4 只鸡（2 只雄性和 2 只雌性）根据达到大约 2.1 公斤（TW1：CONV 为 34 天，SG 为 48 天）和 3.2 公斤（TW2：CONV 为 48 天，SG 为 62 天）的时间进行单独称重和安乐死。胫骨样本被解剖，记录长度和直径。左胫骨用于在 TW1 和 TW2 时进行胫骨断裂强度（TBS）和胫骨灰分测定。在 TW1 时，CONV 鸟类的胫骨最窄和最短（P<0.001），但与其他类别相比，TBS 相似（P>0.69）。在 TW2 时，类别（P>0.50）对胫骨直径没有影响，但 CONV 鸟类的胫骨最短（P<0.001）。在 TW1 和 TW2 时，CONV 鸟类的 TBS:BW 比值均高于 FAST 和 MOD 鸟类（P<0.039），在 TW2 时与其他类别具有相似的灰分含量（P>0.220）。在 48 日龄时，CONV 鸟类的绝对 TBS 最大（P<0.003），但与 SLOW 鸟类相比，TBS:BW 比值较低（P<0.001）。CONV 鸟类的胫骨比 MOD 和 SLOW 鸟类长，直径比其他类别厚，但相对于 BW，CONV 鸟类的尺寸最低（P<0.001），这表明在 48 日龄时，生长速度的加速与胫骨尺寸之间存在负相关。这些结果表明，类别之间功能能力的差异可能是由于形态特征的差异，而不是骨强度和矿化的差异。
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