Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 31;14(3):624. doi: 10.3390/nu14030624.
The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms that has become a new focus of attention due to its association with numerous human diseases. Research over the last few decades has shown that the gut microbiota plays a considerable role in regulating intestinal homeostasis, and disruption to the microbial community has been linked to chronic disease conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC), and obesity. Obesity has become a global pandemic, and its prevalence is increasing worldwide mostly in Western countries due to a sedentary lifestyle and consumption of high-fat/high-sugar diets. Obesity-mediated gut microbiota alterations have been associated with the development of IBD and IBD-induced CRC. This review highlights how obesity-associated dysbiosis can lead to the pathogenesis of IBD and CRC with a special focus on mechanisms of altered absorption of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
肠道微生物群是一种复杂的微生物群落，由于其与许多人类疾病有关，因此成为新的关注焦点。过去几十年的研究表明，肠道微生物群在调节肠道内稳态方面起着重要作用，微生物群落的破坏与慢性疾病如炎症性肠病（IBD）、结直肠癌（CRC）和肥胖有关。肥胖已成为全球性流行病，由于生活方式久坐不动和高糖高脂饮食的摄入，其患病率在全球范围内，尤其是在西方国家呈上升趋势。肥胖介导的肠道微生物群改变与 IBD 的发展和 IBD 诱导的 CRC 有关。这篇综述强调了肥胖相关的生态失调如何导致 IBD 和 CRC 的发病机制，特别关注了短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）吸收改变的机制。
