Ramasamy Jeyaseelan, Sivapathasundharam B
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research, Venkatapuram, Ambattur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Gnanam and Rajamurugan Dental Clinic, Venkatapuram, Ambattur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2021 Sep-Dec;25(3):470-477. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_105_21. Epub 2022 Jan 11.
Oral malignancies account for about 4% in males and 2% in females among all malignant tumors. Tobacco use in the oral cavity can cause potentially malignant disorders such as oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Factors such as lifestyle changes, habits and limited access to health care increase cancer development and morbidity.
This study aimed at studying and correlating the oral mucosal changes among the tobacco users with the different forms of tobacco used.
Four thousand and five hundred individuals were examined and patients with habits were categorized as Group A: only chewing, Group B: only smoking and Group C: smoking and chewing. A preformed case sheet with a detailed recording of the patient's habits was used for each individual. The suspected oral lesions were examined with care and a biopsy was taken (if needed) with patient consent. The collected data were compiled and statistical analysis was done.
Among the three groups OSMF, chewer's mucositis, smoker's palate and OSCC were more compared to other lesions.
OSCC, OSMF and chewer's mucositis were seen more among A and C Group individuals. Smoker's palate was more in Group B. All the lesions showed a strong correlation with increased usage of tobacco. Lesions were more among males compared to females as there were no females with smoking habits in the study. A future study with larger sample size and equal gender distribution in different population among various locations is to be carried out to get accurate details about the lesions associated with tobacco habits and to correlate between the types, frequency and duration of the habit with the tobacco usage.
在所有恶性肿瘤中，口腔恶性肿瘤在男性中占比约4%，在女性中占比约2%。口腔使用烟草会引发潜在的恶性疾病，如口腔黏膜下纤维化（OSMF）、白斑和口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）。生活方式改变、习惯以及获得医疗保健的机会有限等因素会增加癌症的发生和发病率。
本研究旨在研究使用不同形式烟草的使用者的口腔黏膜变化，并进行相关性分析。
对4500名个体进行了检查，有相关习惯的患者被分为A组：仅咀嚼烟草，B组：仅吸烟，C组：既吸烟又咀嚼烟草。为每个个体使用一份预先制定的病例表，详细记录患者的习惯。仔细检查疑似口腔病变，在患者同意的情况下（如有需要）进行活检。对收集的数据进行整理并进行统计分析。
在这三组中，与其他病变相比，口腔黏膜下纤维化、咀嚼者口腔炎、吸烟者腭部病变和口腔鳞状细胞癌更为常见。
在A组和C组个体中，口腔鳞状细胞癌、口腔黏膜下纤维化和咀嚼者口腔炎更为常见。吸烟者腭部病变在B组中更为常见。所有病变都与烟草使用量增加密切相关。由于本研究中没有有吸烟习惯的女性，所以男性中的病变比女性更多。未来将在不同地点的不同人群中进行更大样本量且性别分布均衡的研究，以获取与烟草习惯相关病变的准确细节，并将习惯的类型、频率和持续时间与烟草使用情况进行相关性分析。
