Sussenbach Annelotte E, van Gijzel Sjors W L, Lalla-Edward Samanta T, Venter Willem D F, Shaddock Erica, Feldman Charles, Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin, Vos Alinda G
Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Ezintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
South Afr J HIV Med. 2022 Feb 21;23(1):1329. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v23i1.1329. eCollection 2022.
Prevalence of HIV, smoking, and pulmonary infections in South Africa are high.
We investigated the role of smoking and HIV status on lung function.
This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study conducted in South Africa. Data included demographics, pulmonary risk factors and a spirometry test to obtain the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC). In the initial multivariable regression analysis, the effect of smoking on pulmonary function in HIV-positive adults was assessed. The analysis was repeated, assessing the influence of HIV status on lung function in both HIV-negative and HIV-positive smokers. The models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), time since HIV diagnosis, antiretroviral treatment (ART) use, occupational hazards, history of tuberculosis or pneumonia, indoor smoking and the presence of an indoor fireplace during childhood.
This study included 524 people living with HIV (PLWH, 66.7% female, mean age 40.9 years [s.d.; 9.4]) and 79 HIV-negative smokers (77.2% male, mean age 34.4 years [s.d.: 12.1]). Of the PLWH, 118 (22.5%) were past or current smokers and 406 (77.5%) were non-smokers. Smoking was not associated with changes in the FEV1 or FEV1/FVC ratio in multivariable regression analysis. In the second analysis, HIV status was also not associated with reduced pulmonary function following adjustment for confounders.
Neither smoking nor being HIV-positive was associated with decreased pulmonary function in this relatively young population. These findings should be confirmed in a longitudinal study, including an older population.
南非的艾滋病毒感染率、吸烟率和肺部感染率都很高。
我们调查了吸烟和艾滋病毒感染状况对肺功能的影响。
这是对在南非进行的一项横断面研究的二次分析。数据包括人口统计学信息、肺部危险因素以及一项肺活量测定试验，以获取一秒用力呼气量（FEV1）和FEV1/用力肺活量（FVC）的比值。在最初的多变量回归分析中，评估了吸烟对艾滋病毒阳性成年人肺功能的影响。重复该分析，评估艾滋病毒感染状况对艾滋病毒阴性和阳性吸烟者肺功能的影响。模型根据年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）、自艾滋病毒诊断以来的时间、抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的使用情况、职业危害、结核病或肺炎病史、室内吸烟情况以及童年时期是否有室内壁炉进行了调整。
本研究纳入了524名艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH，66.7%为女性，平均年龄40.9岁[s.d.；9.4]）和79名艾滋病毒阴性吸烟者（77.2%为男性，平均年龄34.4岁[s.d.：12.1]）。在艾滋病毒感染者中，118人（22.5%）曾经或现在吸烟，406人（77.5%）不吸烟。在多变量回归分析中，吸烟与FEV1或FEV1/FVC比值的变化无关。在第二项分析中，在对混杂因素进行调整后，艾滋病毒感染状况也与肺功能降低无关。
在这个相对年轻的人群中，吸烟和艾滋病毒阳性均与肺功能下降无关。这些发现应在包括老年人群的纵向研究中得到证实。
