Roeber Florian, Webster Maurice
Invetus Pty Ltd., Wongaburra Research Centre, Casino NSW 2470, Australia.
Curr Res Parasitol Vector Borne Dis. 2021 Oct 14;1:100054. doi: 10.1016/j.crpvbd.2021.100054. eCollection 2021.
Tick control is mainly achieved through the use of effective ectoparasiticides that can be either dermally or systemically distributed in/on the host. Before any acaricide can be legally made available to veterinarians and pet owners, it must demonstrate efficacy in a series of well-designed dose confirmation studies. The data generated during these studies are then reviewed by government regulators and used for the registration of the acaricide. In Australia, the most significant tick species is the Australian paralysis tick, . This three-host tick produces a potent neurotoxin (holocyclotoxin) that induces a rapidly ascending flaccid paralysis that can be fatal to companion animals and larger mammals such as cattle and horses. The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority (APVMA) is the national Australian regulator which sets the data requirements for the registration of acaricides. This paper reviews the requirements set by the APVMA and puts them in direct context with the biology, distribution and reported acaricide susceptibility of . An overview of acaricides currently registered in Australia for the control of in dogs and cats, their reported efficacy data and the conduct of efficacy trials are also provided.
蜱虫控制主要通过使用有效的体外寄生虫杀虫剂来实现，这些杀虫剂可以通过皮肤或全身分布在宿主体内/体表。在任何杀螨剂能够合法地提供给兽医和宠物主人之前，它必须在一系列精心设计的剂量确认研究中证明其有效性。这些研究期间产生的数据随后由政府监管机构审查，并用于杀螨剂的注册。在澳大利亚，最重要的蜱虫种类是澳大利亚麻痹蜱。这种三宿主蜱会产生一种强效神经毒素（全环毒素），可导致迅速上升的弛缓性麻痹，对伴侣动物以及牛和马等大型哺乳动物可能是致命的。澳大利亚农药和兽药管理局（APVMA）是澳大利亚的国家监管机构，它规定了杀螨剂注册的数据要求。本文回顾了APVMA设定的要求，并将其与澳大利亚麻痹蜱的生物学、分布和报告的杀螨剂敏感性直接联系起来。还提供了目前在澳大利亚注册用于控制犬猫身上澳大利亚麻痹蜱的杀螨剂概述、它们报告的疗效数据以及澳大利亚麻痹蜱疗效试验的开展情况。
