School of Public Health, Université libre de Bruxelles, Ecole de Santé Publique, CP 598, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Aug;61(5):2799-2813. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02851-w. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
To assess country-level trends in the prevalence of daily consumption of sugary (2002-2018) and diet (2006-2018) soft drinks among European adolescents, overall and by family material affluence.
We used 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 data from the 'Health Behaviour in School-aged Children' survey. Nationally representative samples of adolescents completed a standardised questionnaire at school, including a short food frequency questionnaire (n = 530,976 and 21 countries for sugary soft drinks; n = 61,487 and 4 countries for diet soft drinks). We classified adolescents into three socioeconomic categories for each country and survey year, using the Family Affluence Scale. Multilevel logistic models estimated time trends, by country.
Sugary soft drinks: the prevalence of daily consumption (≥ 1×/day) declined in 21/21 countries (P ≤ 0.002). Absolute [range - 31.7 to - 3.4% points] and relative [range - 84.8 to - 22.3%] reductions varied considerably across countries, with the largest declines in Ireland, England and Norway. In 3/21 countries, the prevalence of daily consumption decreased more strongly in the most affluent adolescents than in the least affluent ones (P ≤ 0.002). Daily consumption was more prevalent among the least affluent adolescents in 11/21 countries in 2018 (P ≤ 0.002). Diet soft drinks: overall, daily consumption decreased over time in 4/4 countries (P ≤ 0.002), more largely among the most affluent adolescents in 1/4 country (P ≤ 0.002).
Daily consumption of sugary and diet soft drinks in European adolescents decreased between 2002 (2006 for diet drinks) and 2018. Public health interventions should continue discouraging daily soft drink consumption, particularly among adolescents from lower socioeconomic groups.
评估欧洲青少年日常消费含糖（2002-2018 年）和低糖（2006-2018 年）软饮料的国家趋势，总体上和按家庭物质富裕程度进行评估。
我们使用了“学校儿童健康行为”调查 2002 年、2006 年、2010 年、2014 年和 2018 年的数据。各国代表性的青少年在校完成了标准化问卷，包括一份简短的食物频率问卷（含糖软饮料 n=530976 人，21 个国家；低糖软饮料 n=61487 人，4 个国家）。我们根据家庭富裕程度量表，为每个国家和调查年份将青少年分为三个社会经济类别。使用多水平逻辑模型按国家估计时间趋势。
含糖软饮料：21/21 个国家（P≤0.002）的日常消费（≥1×/天）流行率下降。绝对[范围 -31.7 至-3.4%]和相对[范围 -84.8 至-22.3%]减少幅度在各国之间差异很大，爱尔兰、英国和挪威的降幅最大。在 3/21 个国家中，最富裕青少年的日常消费下降速度快于最贫困青少年（P≤0.002）。2018 年，21/21 个国家中最贫困青少年的日常消费更为普遍（P≤0.002）。低糖软饮料：总体而言，4/4 个国家的日常消费随着时间的推移而减少（P≤0.002），其中 1/4 个国家的最富裕青少年减少幅度更大（P≤0.002）。
欧洲青少年日常消费含糖和低糖软饮料的比例从 2002 年（低糖饮料为 2006 年）下降到 2018 年。公共卫生干预措施应继续劝阻青少年日常饮用软饮料，特别是来自社会经济地位较低群体的青少年。
