Programa de Pós-Graduação em Microbiologia Agrícola e do Ambiente, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Rua Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2022 Mar 11;94(1):e20201765. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202220201765. eCollection 2022.
Antimicrobial resistance has been attributed to the overuse of antibiotics. To control the use of antibiotics, Brazil adopted the RDC 20/2011. A comparison the antibiotic-resistance profile of bacterial has provided important insights into resistance evolution. Enterococci are ubiquitous bacteria recommended to be used as a sentinel organism, in national surveillance systems, for tracking antimicrobial resistance through the food chain. The present study aimed to evaluate the diversity and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci collected from food in South Brazil in 2017 (pos-RDC 20/11) for comparison with isolated in 2007 (pre-RDC 20/11). A total of 310 enterococci were isolated from vegetables and products of animal origin, identified by PCR and MALDI-TOF, tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and screened for resistance genes. Enterococcus casseliflavus was dominant in vegetables and E. faecalis in products of animal origin. Enterococcal isolates in 2017 were mostly sensitive to ampicillin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and vancomycin when compared to isolated collected in 2007. While resistance levels to most compounds remained relatively stable, multidrug resistance decreased by 24% during this period. Our results suggest that RDC 20/11 had a positive outcome in controlling the spread of antimicrobial resistance. This study provides baseline data to measure future changes in the prevalence of resistant enterococci.
抗生素的过度使用导致了抗药性的产生。为了控制抗生素的使用，巴西通过了 RDC 20/2011。对细菌抗生素耐药谱的比较为耐药性的演变提供了重要的见解。肠球菌是无处不在的细菌，被推荐作为国家监测系统中的哨点生物，用于跟踪通过食物链传播的抗微生物药物耐药性。本研究旨在评估 2017 年（后 RDC 20/11）从南巴西食品中分离的肠球菌的多样性和抗药性，并与 2007 年（前 RDC 20/11）分离的肠球菌进行比较。从蔬菜和动物源性产品中分离出 310 株肠球菌，通过 PCR 和 MALDI-TOF 进行鉴定，检测其对抗菌药物的敏感性，并筛选耐药基因。肠球菌在蔬菜中以肠球菌为主，在动物源性产品中以粪肠球菌为主。与 2007 年分离的菌株相比，2017 年分离的肠球菌对氨苄西林、庆大霉素、氯霉素和万古霉素的敏感性更高。虽然大多数化合物的耐药水平相对稳定，但多药耐药性在此期间下降了 24%。我们的研究结果表明，RDC 20/11 在控制抗生素耐药性的传播方面取得了积极的效果。本研究为衡量未来耐药性肠球菌流行率的变化提供了基线数据。
