Hernando Carlos, Hernando Carla, Panizo Nayara, Collado-Boira Eladio, Folch-Ayora Ana, Martínez-Navarro Ignacio, Hernando Barbara
Sport Service, Jaume I University, Castellon, Spain.
Department of Education and Specific Didactics, Jaume I University, Castellon, Spain.
Front Physiol. 2022 Feb 28;13:812237. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.812237. eCollection 2022.
Long distance races have a physiological impact on runners. Up to now, studies analyzing these physiological repercussions have been mainly focused on muscle and cardiac damage, as well as on its recovery. Therefore, a limited number of studies have been done to explore acute kidney failure and recovery after performing extreme exercises. Here, we monitored renal function in 76 marathon finishers (14 females) from the day before participating in a marathon until 192 h after crossing the finish line (FL). Renal function was evaluated by measuring serum creatinine (sCr) and the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We randomly grouped our cohort into three intervention groups to compare three different strategies for marathon recovery: total rest (REST), continuous running at their ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1) intensity (RUN), and elliptical workout at their VT1 intensity (ELLIPTICAL). Interventions in the RUN and ELLIPTICAL groups were performed at 48, 96, and 144 h after marathon running. Seven blood samples (at the day before the marathon, at the FL, and at 24, 48, 96, 144, and 192 h post-marathon) and three urine samples (at the day before the marathon, at the finish line, and at 48 h post-marathon) were collected per participant. Both heart rate monitors and triaxial accelerometers were used to control the intensity effort during both the marathon race and the recovery period. Contrary to our expectations, the use of elliptical machines for marathon recovery delays renal function recovery. Specifically, the ELLIPTICAL group showed a significantly lower ∆GFR compared to both the RUN group ( = 4.5 × 10) and the REST group ( = 0.003). Hence, we encourage runners to carry out an active recovery based on light-intensity continuous running from 48 h after finishing the marathon. In addition, full resting seems to be a better strategy than performing elliptical workouts.
长跑对跑步者有生理影响。到目前为止，分析这些生理影响的研究主要集中在肌肉和心脏损伤及其恢复方面。因此，针对极端运动后急性肾衰竭及其恢复情况的研究较少。在此，我们对76名马拉松完赛者（14名女性）从参加马拉松比赛前一天到冲过终点线后192小时的肾功能进行了监测。通过测量血清肌酐（sCr）和肾小球滤过率（GFR）来评估肾功能。我们将研究对象随机分为三个干预组，以比较三种不同的马拉松恢复策略：完全休息（REST）、以通气阈1（VT1）强度持续跑步（RUN）以及以VT1强度进行椭圆机锻炼（ELLIPTICAL）。RUN组和ELLIPTICAL组的干预在马拉松赛后48、96和144小时进行。每位参与者采集七份血样（马拉松赛前一天、终点线处、赛后24、48、96、144和192小时）和三份尿样（马拉松赛前一天、终点线处、赛后48小时）。在马拉松比赛和恢复期间，均使用心率监测器和三轴加速度计来控制运动强度。与我们的预期相反，使用椭圆机进行马拉松恢复会延迟肾功能恢复。具体而言，ELLIPTICAL组的∆GFR显著低于RUN组（=4.5×10）和REST组（=0.003）。因此，我们鼓励跑步者在马拉松赛后48小时开始进行基于低强度持续跑步的积极恢复。此外，完全休息似乎比进行椭圆机锻炼是更好的策略。
