Sasaki Yoshiaki, Kajino Hiroki
Department of Pediatrics, Abashiri-Kosei General Hospital, Abashiri, Hokkaido, Japan.
Case Reports Hepatol. 2022 Mar 7;2022:5812135. doi: 10.1155/2022/5812135. eCollection 2022.
The incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is expected to decrease in the future owing to the preventive measures adopted against mother-to-child transmission of HBV and implementation of universal HBV vaccination for children. However, no countermeasure has been established against horizontal infection in nonvaccinated children. We report the case of two siblings who had different clinical courses of possible paternal HBV infection. The younger sibling developed acute hepatitis, whereas the older sibling was an asymptomatic HBV carrier. To eradicate HBV, HBV vaccination of all children and HBV infection screening of fathers and other family members should be encouraged.
由于采取了预防乙肝病毒（HBV）母婴传播的措施以及对儿童实施了普遍的乙肝疫苗接种，预计未来乙肝病毒感染的发生率将会下降。然而，对于未接种疫苗儿童的水平感染尚未制定应对措施。我们报告了两例可能因父源性乙肝病毒感染而出现不同临床病程的兄弟姐妹的病例。年幼的兄弟姐妹患了急性肝炎，而年长的兄弟姐妹是无症状乙肝病毒携带者。为了消除乙肝病毒，应鼓励对所有儿童进行乙肝疫苗接种，并对父亲和其他家庭成员进行乙肝病毒感染筛查。
