Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute (SPII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 17;17(3):e0265520. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265520. eCollection 2022.
Understanding the genetics of salt tolerance is of utmost need to combat the rising prevalence of soil salinity through employing tolerant cultivars. The current study was carried out to investigate the quantitative genetic basis of agronomical and physiological-related traits of salinity-stressed plants using seven generations (parental cultivars, F1, F2, F3, BC1, and BC2) of wheat grown in the field under normal and saline conditions. The combined analysis of variance showed highly significant effects of salinity and genotypes (generations) on all the traits. The scaling tests did not support the three-parameter model (additive-dominance model); hence, the six-parameter model was used to assess the genetic effects governing the traits in this study. The epistatic gene effects were crucial, as were additive and dominance gene effects for plant height, K/Na, and yield in salinity stress conditions. The highest heritability was observed for total chlorophyll, carotenoid, SPAD chlorophyll, and K/Na ratio in saline conditions. The additive genetic variance was more important than the dominance variance for grain weight, K, K/Na in salinity conditions. The findings of the current study may have important implications in the quantitative genetics of salinity tolerance and the development of cultivars tolerant to salinity in wheat.
了解耐盐性的遗传学对于通过使用耐盐品种来对抗土壤盐渍化的日益流行至关重要。本研究旨在通过在正常和盐胁迫条件下在田间生长的七代（亲本品种、F1、F2、F3、BC1 和 BC2）小麦中调查农艺和生理相关性状的数量遗传基础来研究盐胁迫植物。方差联合分析表明，盐度和基因型（世代）对所有性状均有高度显著影响。刻度检验不支持三参数模型（加性-显性模型）；因此，使用六参数模型来评估本研究中控制性状的遗传效应。上位基因效应至关重要，在盐胁迫条件下，对株高、K/Na 和产量的加性和显性基因效应也很重要。在盐胁迫条件下，总叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、SPAD 叶绿素和 K/Na 比值的表型遗传力最高。在盐胁迫条件下，粒重、K 和 K/Na 的加性遗传方差比显性方差更重要。本研究的结果可能对耐盐性的数量遗传学以及小麦耐盐品种的开发具有重要意义。
