Joshi M, Anthony W C, Tenney J H, Drusano G L, Caplan E S, Standiford H C, Henson A, Warren J W
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1986 Jul;30(1):90-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.30.1.90.
Ceftazidime is a new antimicrobial agent possessing excellent in vitro activity against most members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We conducted a double-blind, prospective, multicenter trial to compare ceftazidime with moxalactam in the treatment of serious gram-negative infections. The overall favorable response rates for the two regimens were similar (93 of 106 [88%] and 84 of 97 [86%], respectively). Among these, the response rates of the 56 gram-negative bacteremias and the 23 P. aeruginosa infections were comparable. Both groups had similar incidences of subsequent infections with P. aeruginosa, enterococci, and yeasts. A total of 13% of the patients in the moxalactam group developed a prolonged prothrombin time (P less than 0.01), and three patients demonstrated clinical bleeding. These results suggest that although the overall efficacy of both regimens was similar, treatment with moxalactam resulted in a higher incidence of prolongation of prothrombin time with an attendant risk of bleeding. In nonneutropenic patients, ceftazidime as a single agent is safe and effective in gram-negative bacillary infections.
头孢他啶是一种新型抗菌药物，对大多数肠杆菌科细菌及铜绿假单胞菌具有优异的体外活性。我们进行了一项双盲、前瞻性、多中心试验，以比较头孢他啶与拉氧头孢治疗严重革兰阴性菌感染的效果。两种治疗方案的总体有效率相似（分别为106例中的93例[88%]和97例中的84例[86%]）。其中，56例革兰阴性菌血症和23例铜绿假单胞菌感染的有效率相当。两组患者随后发生铜绿假单胞菌、肠球菌和酵母菌感染的发生率相似。拉氧头孢组共有13%的患者出现凝血酶原时间延长（P<0.01），3例患者出现临床出血。这些结果表明，尽管两种治疗方案的总体疗效相似，但拉氧头孢治疗导致凝血酶原时间延长的发生率更高，并伴有出血风险。在非中性粒细胞减少的患者中，头孢他啶作为单一药物治疗革兰阴性杆菌感染是安全有效的。
