School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, China.
Cancer Epidemiol. 2022 Jun;78:102140. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102140. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
Oropharynx is the anatomical site with the highest human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in head and neck. Many studies on HPV prevalence and p16 positivity in oropharyngeal cancer have been published in recent years. We aimed to update the global burden estimates of oropharyngeal cancer attributable to HPV with the latest data and estimate global burden of tonsillar cancer and base of tongue cancer attributable to HPV by region and country.
We calculated the number of new cancer cases using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Volume XI (CI5XI) and country-specific population in 2012 issued by the United Nations. Estimates of HPV prevalence and p16 positivity were obtained from literature search and pooled analyses where necessary.
Globally the number of oropharyngeal cancer and tonsillar cancer attributable to HPV were 42,000 and 20,000 in 2012, corresponding to AFs of 42.7% and 52.7%. The number of cancer cases attributable to HPV among males was about 4-fold greater than that among females. For both oropharyngeal cancer and tonsillar cancer, AFs were higher in more developed countries. Among HPV positive oropharyngeal cancer cases, 86.7%, 87.8%, and 92.5% could have been prevented by bivalent (2v), quadrivalent (4v), and nonavalent (9v) HPV vaccines.
It is worth considering the inclusion of HPV immunization in males, especially in the regions where oropharyngeal cancer is highly prevalent.
口咽是头颈部 HPV 感染率最高的解剖部位。近年来，已有许多关于口咽癌 HPV 流行率和 p16 阳性率的研究发表。我们旨在使用最新数据更新 HPV 导致的口咽癌全球负担估计，并按地区和国家估计 HPV 导致的扁桃体癌和舌根癌的全球负担。
我们使用联合国发布的《2012 年五大洲癌症发病率》（CI5XI）和特定国家的人口计算了新癌症病例数。HPV 流行率和 p16 阳性率的估计值来自文献检索和必要时的汇总分析。
2012 年，全球 HPV 导致的口咽癌和扁桃体癌新发病例数分别为 42000 例和 20000 例，相应的归因分数（AFs）分别为 42.7%和 52.7%。HPV 导致的男性口咽癌病例数约为女性的 4 倍。对于口咽癌和扁桃体癌，AFs 在较发达的国家更高。在 HPV 阳性的口咽癌病例中，86.7%、87.8%和 92.5%可通过二价（2v）、四价（4v）和九价（9v）HPV 疫苗预防。
值得考虑在男性中纳入 HPV 免疫接种，尤其是在口咽癌高发地区。
