青少年体象障碍症的流行病学：对其认知功能的研究。
Epidemiology of body dysmorphic disorder among adolescents: A study of their cognitive functions.
机构信息
General Psychology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
出版信息
Brain Behav. 2022 Apr;12(4):e01710. doi: 10.1002/brb3.1710. Epub 2022 Mar 20.
BACKGROUND
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by a preoccupation with an imagined defect in one's appearance. In case of a slight physical anomaly, the person would experience an excessive concern. This disorder causes cognitive dysfunction.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to examine epidemiology of body dysmorphic disorder among students at secondary schools of the first and second stage in Shiraz, Iran. It also compares executive functions in students with BDD to healthy students.
METHODS
The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ), Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT),Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Tower of London test (ToL), and Trail Making Test (TMT) were measured in participants with BDD (N = 52; M = 16.20; SD = 1.03) and healthy control group (N = 52; M = 15.91; SD = 0.96).
RESULTS
The frequency of BDD was significantly higher in women than men (14.8% vs. 6.8%), and its prevalence was 10.4% in total. There was a significant difference between the two groups of students concerning attentional set-shifting, inhibition of cognitive interference, visual-spatial searching, and sequencing, but not problem-solving tasks.
CONCLUSIONS
Students with BDD have cognitive deficits, which need to be addressed in cognitive rehabilitation.
背景
躯体变形障碍（BDD）的特征是对自身外貌想象中的缺陷过分关注。即使存在轻微的身体异常，患者也会感到过度担忧。这种障碍会导致认知功能障碍。
目的
本研究旨在检查伊朗设拉子第一和第二阶段中学学生的躯体变形障碍的流行病学，并将躯体变形障碍患者与健康学生的执行功能进行比较。
方法
使用躯体变形障碍问卷（BDDQ）、Stroop 色词测验（SCWT）、威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）、伦敦塔测验（ToL）和连线测验（TMT）对 BDD 患者（N=52；M=16.20；SD=1.03）和健康对照组（N=52；M=15.91；SD=0.96）进行了评估。
结果
女性 BDD 的发病率明显高于男性（14.8% vs. 6.8%），总发病率为 10.4%。两组学生在注意定势转移、认知干扰抑制、视觉空间搜索和排序方面存在显著差异，但在解决问题任务方面没有差异。
结论
躯体变形障碍患者存在认知缺陷，这在认知康复中需要得到解决。
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