Simbar Masoumeh, Rahmanian Fatemeh, Nazarpour Soheila, Ramezankhani Ali, Zayeri Farid
Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 10;5(2):e553. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.553. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Providing gender-sensitive health services is emphasized by the World Health Organization. This study aimed to assess and prioritize the needs for the gender-sensitive sexually transmitted infections/human immunodeficiency viruses (STIs/HIV) prevention services by a valid and reliable questionnaire.
This was an exploratory mixed methods sequential study in Shiraz Iran 2019. The first phase was a qualitative study on 37 providers and managers of the services who were recruited using the purposive and then snowball sampling method. In the second phase, following the content analysis of the qualitative data and a review of related literature, a questionnaire was developed and its psychometric properties were evaluated. Then, in the third phase, the questionnaire was used to assess and prioritize the needs through a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study on all 290 providers of STI/HIV prevention services affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
The finding of the qualitative phase showed gender-sensitive STI/HIV prevention services should provide gender-sensitive care and education by the trained personnel and manages with appropriate facilities and equipment. Providing these services also requires supportive policies, intersectoral cooperation, and community capacitation. In the second phase, a questionnaire was developed with 63 items. Assessment of psychometric properties of the questionnaire demonstrated the scale content validity index and ratio (S-CVI = 0.98 and S-CVR = 0.87, respectively), as well as the reliability of the questionnaire (internal consistency = 0.972 and intracluster correlation coefficient = 0.910). Results of the third descriptive phase of the study demonstrated the highest priorities for gender-sensitive education (92.01 ± 11.76%) and care services (92.11 ± 12.04%), respectively.
To improve the quality of the services, a gender-based education and care process, as well as a gender-sensitive structure, including gender-sensitive personnel, facilities, and management are necessary. Recognizing and meeting the needs for gender-sensitive services will improve the quality of the services.
世界卫生组织强调提供对性别问题有敏感认识的卫生服务。本研究旨在通过一份有效且可靠的问卷，评估对性别问题有敏感认识的性传播感染/人类免疫缺陷病毒（STIs/HIV）预防服务的需求并确定其优先次序。
这是一项于2019年在伊朗设拉子进行的探索性混合方法序列研究。第一阶段是对37名服务提供者和管理人员进行定性研究，这些人员采用目的抽样法然后滚雪球抽样法招募。在第二阶段，在对定性数据进行内容分析并回顾相关文献后，编制了一份问卷并评估其心理测量特性。然后，在第三阶段，通过对设拉子医科大学附属的所有290名STI/HIV预防服务提供者进行定量描述性横断面研究，使用该问卷评估需求并确定其优先次序。
定性阶段的研究结果表明，对性别问题有敏感认识的STI/HIV预防服务应由经过培训的人员提供对性别问题有敏感认识的护理和教育，并配备适当的设施和设备进行管理。提供这些服务还需要支持性政策、部门间合作和社区赋权。在第二阶段，编制了一份包含63个条目的问卷。对问卷心理测量特性的评估显示量表内容效度指数和比率（S-CVI分别为0.98和S-CVR为0.87），以及问卷的信度（内部一致性为0.972，组内相关系数为0.910）。研究第三描述阶段的结果表明，对性别问题有敏感认识的教育（92.01±11.76%）和护理服务（92.11±12.04%）分别具有最高优先级。
为提高服务质量，基于性别的教育和护理过程以及对性别问题有敏感认识的结构，包括对性别问题有敏感认识的人员、设施和管理是必要的。认识并满足对性别问题有敏感认识的服务需求将提高服务质量。
