Fu Leiwen, Sun Yinghui, Han Min, Wang Bingyi, Xiao Fei, Zhou Yiguo, Gao Yanxiao, Fitzpatrick Thomas, Yuan Tanwei, Li Peiyang, Zhan Yuewei, Lu Yong, Luo Ganfeng, Duan Junyi, Hong Zhongsi, Fairley Christopher K, Zhang Tong, Zhao Jin, Zou Huachun
School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Medical Administration, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 2;9:851635. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.851635. eCollection 2022.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common worldwide and pose a challenge to public health. We conducted this study to assess the annual incidence of five common STIs, including syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, and genital herpes at the global, regional, and national levels.
We obtained detailed data on STIs excluding HIV from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database. Estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to quantify trends in age-standardized incidence rates (ASR) of STIs, stratified by gender, sociodemographic index (SDI) region, and pathogenic microorganism.
Globally, incident cases of STIs increased by 58.15% from 486.77 million in 1990 to 769.85 million in 2019, but the annual change in ASR was only -0.04% (95% CI -0.09 to 0.01) per year. EAPC was 0.16 (0.06 to 0.26) for syphilis, 0.09 (0.05 to 0.13) for genital herpes, 0.06 (0.03 to 0.09) for trichomoniasis, -0.21 (-0.36 to -0.06) for chlamydia, and -0.14 (-0.19 to -0.08) for gonorrhea. High SDI regions reported significant increases in ASR of syphilis and chlamydia.
The burden of disease from STIs remains large, though control of STIs has contributed to the decreasing incidence in most regions, especially in the low-SDI regions. Globally, over the past 20 years, the ASR has remained stable for trichomoniasis and genital herpes decreased for chlamydia and gonorrhea, and increased for syphilis.
性传播感染（STIs）在全球范围内普遍存在，对公共卫生构成挑战。我们开展本研究以评估梅毒、衣原体、淋病、滴虫病和生殖器疱疹这五种常见性传播感染在全球、区域和国家层面的年发病率。
我们从《2019年全球疾病负担》（GBD 2019）数据库中获取了1990年至2019年不包括艾滋病毒的性传播感染详细数据。计算估计年变化百分比（EAPC）以量化按性别、社会人口学指数（SDI）区域和致病微生物分层的性传播感染年龄标准化发病率（ASR）趋势。
全球范围内，性传播感染的发病病例从1990年的4.8677亿例增加到2019年的7.6985亿例，增幅为58.15%，但年龄标准化发病率的年变化仅为每年-0.04%（95%置信区间-0.09至0.01）。梅毒的EAPC为0.16（0.06至0.26），生殖器疱疹为0.09（0.05至0.13），滴虫病为0.06（0.03至0.09），衣原体为-0.21（-0.36至-0.06），淋病为-0.14（-0.19至-0.08）。高SDI区域报告梅毒和衣原体的年龄标准化发病率显著增加。
性传播感染的疾病负担仍然很大，尽管在大多数地区，尤其是低SDI地区，性传播感染的控制已导致发病率下降。在全球范围内，过去20年中，滴虫病的年龄标准化发病率保持稳定，衣原体和淋病的发病率下降，而梅毒的发病率上升。
