Bouagina Rachid, Padulo Johnny, Fray Akram, Larion Alin, Abidi Hatem, Chtara Mokhtar, Chelly Mohamed Souhail, Khalifa Riadh
Higher Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Ksar Saïd, Tunis, Tunisia.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Biol Sport. 2022 Mar;39(2):415-426. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.106150. Epub 2021 Jun 1.
This study investigated the effects of a ballistic training programme using an arm/shoulder specific strength device (ASSSD) on the upper body peak power (PP), muscle volume (MV) of the dominant arm and throwing velocity in junior handball players. Twenty-six players were randomly assigned to an experimental (EG = 15, age 17.6 ± 0.51 years) and control (CG = 11, age 17.36 ± 0.50 years) group. Over an 8-week in-season period, the EG performed a ballistic training programme (2 sessions/week) immediately before their normal team handball training. Both groups underwent tests on the ASSSD, which operates in consecutive accelerative and decelerative actions, for throwing characteristics determination. Peak power (PP), peak force (PF), peak velocity (PV), peak rate of power development (PRPD), muscle volume (MV), throwing velocity with runup, standing throw, and jump throw were also assessed before/after the training programme. The EG group showed significant post-training improvements in PP (52.50% - p < 0.001), PF (26.45% - p < 0.01) and PRPD (78.47% - p < 0.001) better than the CG (1.81, 0.67 and 1.64%, p > 0.05, respectively). There was also a post-training improvement in the velocity at PP (22.82% - p < 0.001) and PF (42.45% - p < 0.001) in the EG compared to the CG (4.18 and 8.53%, p > 0.05 respectively). There was a significant increase in acceleration at PP (51.50% - p < 0.01) and PF (69.67% - p < 0.001). MV increased (19.11% - p < 0.001) in the EG, with no significant change (3.34% - p = 0.84) in the CG. Finally, significant increases were obtained in the three throw types (3.1-6.21%, p < 0.05- < 0.001) in the EG compared to the CG. The additional ASSSD training protocol was able to improve muscle strength/volume and ball throwing velocity in junior handball players.
本研究调查了使用手臂/肩部专用力量训练器械（ASSSD）的弹道训练计划对青少年手球运动员上身峰值功率（PP）、优势手臂肌肉体积（MV）和投掷速度的影响。26名运动员被随机分为实验组（EG = 15名，年龄17.6±0.51岁）和对照组（CG = 11名，年龄17.36±0.50岁）。在为期8周的赛季中，实验组在正常的团队手球训练前立即进行弹道训练计划（每周2次训练）。两组都在ASSSD上进行了测试，该器械通过连续的加速和减速动作来测定投掷特征。在训练计划前后还评估了峰值功率（PP）、峰值力量（PF）、峰值速度（PV）、功率发展峰值速率（PRPD）、肌肉体积（MV）、助跑投掷速度、立定投掷速度和跳跃投掷速度。与对照组（分别为1.81%、0.67%和1.64%，p>0.05）相比，实验组在训练后PP（52.50% - p<0.001）、PF（26.45% - p<0.01）和PRPD（78.47% - p<0.001）方面有显著改善。与对照组（分别为4.18%和8.53%，p>0.05）相比，实验组在训练后PP（22.82% - p<0.001）和PF（42.45% - p<0.001）时的速度也有所提高。PP（51.50% - p<0.01）和PF（69.67% - p<0.001）时的加速度显著增加。实验组的MV增加（19.11% - p<0.001），而对照组无显著变化（3.34% - p = 0.84）。最后，与对照组相比，实验组的三种投掷类型均有显著提高（3.1 - 6.21%，p<0.05 - <0.001）。额外的ASSSD训练方案能够提高青少年手球运动员的肌肉力量/体积和投球速度。
