Research Unit Evaluation and Analysis of Factors Influencing Sport performance, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Said, Tunis, Tunisia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Sep;24(9):2408-18. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e58d7c.
The aim was to compare the effect of 2 differing 10-week resistance training programs on the peak power (PP) output, muscle volume, strength, and throwing velocity of the upper limbs in handball players during the competitive season. The subjects were 26 men (age 20.0 +/- 0.6 years, body mass 85.0 +/- 13.2 kg, height 1.86 +/- 0.06 m, and body fat 13.7 +/- 2.4%). They were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: control (C; n = 8), heavy resistance (n = 9), or moderate resistance (MR; n = 9) training, performed twice a week. A force-velocity test on an appropriately modified Monark cycle ergometer determined PP. Muscle volumes were estimated using a standard anthropometric kit. One-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press (1RMBP) and 1RM pull-over (1RMPO) scores assessed arm strength. Handball throwing velocity was measured with (TR) and without run-up (TW). Both training programs enhanced absolute PP relative to controls (p < 0.05), although differences disappeared if PP was expressed per unit of muscle volume. Heavy resistance-enhanced 1RMBP and 1RMPO compared to both MR (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and C (p < 0.001 for both tests). Heavy resistance also increased TR and TW compared to C (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Moderate resistance increased only TR compared to C (p < 0.01). Thus, during the competitive season, the PP, 1RMBP, 1RMPO, and TW of male handball players were increased more by 10 weeks of bench press and pull-over training with suitably adapted heavy loads than with moderate loads. It would seem advantageous to add such resistance exercise before customary technical and tactical handball training sessions.
目的是比较 2 种不同的 10 周抗阻训练方案对处于竞赛赛季的手球运动员上肢峰值功率（PP）输出、肌肉体积、力量和投掷速度的影响。研究对象为 26 名男性（年龄 20.0 ± 0.6 岁，体重 85.0 ± 13.2kg，身高 1.86 ± 0.06m，体脂 13.7 ± 2.4%）。他们被随机分为 3 组：对照组（C；n = 8）、大阻力（n = 9）或中阻力（MR；n = 9）训练组，每周训练 2 次。在适当改装的 Monark 测功计上进行的力量-速度测试确定了 PP。肌肉体积使用标准人体测量套件进行评估。1 次重复最大（1RMBP）卧推和 1 次重复最大（1RMPO）过顶推举得分评估手臂力量。手球投掷速度用（TR）和无助跑（TW）进行测量。与对照组相比，两种训练方案均提高了绝对 PP（p < 0.05），但如果将 PP 表示为肌肉体积的单位，则差异消失。与 MR（p < 0.01 和 p < 0.05）和 C（p < 0.001）相比，大阻力增强了 1RMBP 和 1RMPO。大阻力还增加了与 C（p < 0.01 和 p < 0.05）相比的 TR 和 TW。中阻力仅增加了与 C（p < 0.01）相比的 TR。因此，在竞赛赛季期间，与中等负荷相比，用适当适应的大负荷进行 10 周卧推和过顶推举训练可使男性手球运动员的 PP、1RMBP、1RMPO 和 TW 增加更多。在手球技术和战术训练课程之前增加这种抗阻运动似乎是有益的。
