Zhan Jinyu, Zheng Yufeng, Xia Qing, Wang Jin, Liu Sibo, Yang Zhaofu
Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management Ministry of Education Northwest A&F University Yangling China.
Entomological Museum College of Plant Protection Northwest A&F University Yangling China.
Ecol Evol. 2022 Mar 7;12(3):e8678. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8678. eCollection 2022 Feb.
To investigate the species diversity of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, establish insect community monitoring systems, and determine the local species pool, we test the applicability of DNA barcoding based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I () gene for accurate and rapid identification of insect species. From 2017 to 2019, a total of 212 samples with ambiguous morphological identification were selected for DNA barcoding analysis. Five sequence-based methods for species delimitation (ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU, and bPTP) were conducted for comparison to traditional morphology-based identification. In total, 2,422 samples were recorded, representing 143 species of 110 genera in 17 families in Lepidoptera. The diversity analysis showed that the richness indices for Noctuidae was the highest (54 species), and for Pterophoridae, Cossidae, Limacodidae, Lasiocampidae, Pieridae, and Lycaenidae were the lowest (all with 1 species). The Shannon-Wiener species diversity index (H') and Pielou's evenness (J') of lepidopteran insects first increased and then decreased across these 3 years, while the Simpson diversity index showed a trend of subtracted then added. For molecular-based identification, 67 lepidopteran species within 61 genera in 14 families were identified through DNA barcoding. Neighbor-joining (NJ) analysis showed that conspecific individuals were clustered together and formed monophyletic groups with a high support value, except for (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Noctuidae: Hadeninae). Sixty-seven morphospecies were classified into various numbers of MOTUs based on ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU, and bPTP (70, 96, 2, 71, and 71, respectively). In Xinjiang wild fruit forests, the family with the largest number of species is Noctuidae, followed by Geometridae, Crambidae, and the remaining families. The highest Shannon diversity index is observed for the family Noctuidae. Our results indicate that the distance-based methods (ABGD and jMOTU) and character-based method (bPTP) outperform GMYC. BINs is inclined to overestimate species diversity compared to other methods.
为了调查新疆野生果林中鳞翅目昆虫的物种多样性，建立昆虫群落监测系统，并确定当地的物种库，我们测试了基于细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因的DNA条形码技术在准确快速鉴定昆虫物种方面的适用性。2017年至2019年，共选取了212个形态鉴定不明确的样本进行DNA条形码分析。采用了五种基于序列的物种界定方法（ABGD、BINs、GMYC、jMOTU和bPTP）与传统的基于形态学的鉴定方法进行比较。总共记录了2422个样本，代表鳞翅目中17科110属的143个物种。多样性分析表明，夜蛾科的丰富度指数最高（54种），而麦蛾科、木蠹蛾科、刺蛾科、枯叶蛾科、粉蝶科和灰蝶科的丰富度指数最低（均为1种）。这3年间，鳞翅目昆虫的香农-维纳物种多样性指数（H'）和皮洛均匀度指数（J'）先升高后降低，而辛普森多样性指数呈先下降后上升的趋势。基于分子的鉴定方面，通过DNA条形码鉴定出了14科61属的67种鳞翅目昆虫。邻接法（NJ）分析表明，除了赭夜蛾（Denis & Schiffermüller，1775）（夜蛾科：Hadeninae亚科）外，同种个体聚集在一起，形成了具有高支持值的单系类群。基于ABGD、BINs、GMYC、jMOTU和bPTP，67个形态种被划分为不同数量的操作分类单元（分别为70、96、2、71和71）。在新疆野生果林中，物种数量最多的科是夜蛾科，其次是尺蛾科、草螟科，以及其他科。夜蛾科的香农多样性指数最高。我们的结果表明，基于距离的方法（ABGD和jMOTU）和基于特征的方法（bPTP）比GMYC表现更好。与其他方法相比，BINs倾向于高估物种多样性。
