López-Frutos Patricia, Pérez-Rojo Gema, Noriega Cristina, Velasco Cristina, Carretero Isabel, Martínez-Huertas José Ángel, Galarraga Leyre, López Javier
Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, School of Medicine, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 4;13:772896. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.772896. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to analyse how stereotypes towards older people moderate the relationship between burnout and quality of life (QoL) of professionals working in nursing homes.
A total of 312 professionals were asked to complete questionnaires of burnout Maslach Burnout Inventory quality of Life (QPL-35) and aging stereotypes (CENVE). The moderation effects were tested using linear regression models.
A negative association was observed between burnout and QoL. It was also found a statistically significant moderator effect of the total score of stereotypes and the health stereotypes, besides a marginally statistically significant moderator effect for motivational stereotypes. The moderator effects were different for people with low and high negative stereotypes. QoL was more affected under conditions of high burnout, in which people with more negative stereotypes tended to present higher QoL than people with lower negative stereotypes.
Highly burned-out professionals in nursing homes may avoid their negative feelings projecting them to residents through stereotypes, as a way of coping with burnout and increasing their QoL. However, this mechanism is an "aggressive reaction" and may have negative effects for both the older adult and the professional. The comprehension of these variables is essential for developing adequate intervention programs.
本研究旨在分析对老年人的刻板印象如何调节养老院工作人员的职业倦怠与生活质量（QoL）之间的关系。
共312名专业人员被要求完成职业倦怠问卷（马氏职业倦怠量表）、生活质量问卷（QPL - 35）和年龄刻板印象问卷（CENVE）。使用线性回归模型检验调节效应。
观察到职业倦怠与生活质量之间存在负相关。还发现刻板印象总分和健康刻板印象具有统计学显著的调节效应，动机刻板印象具有边缘统计学显著的调节效应。低负面刻板印象者和高负面刻板印象者的调节效应不同。在职业倦怠程度高的情况下，生活质量受影响更大，其中负面刻板印象较多的人往往比负面刻板印象较少的人具有更高的生活质量。
养老院中职业倦怠程度高的专业人员可能会通过刻板印象将负面情绪投射到居民身上，以此来应对职业倦怠并提高生活质量。然而，这种机制是一种“攻击性反应”，可能对老年人和专业人员都产生负面影响。理解这些变量对于制定适当的干预计划至关重要。
