Pompilio Arianna, Scocchi Marco, Mangoni Maria Luisa, Shirooie Samira, Serio Annalisa, Ferreira Garcia da Costa Ygor, Alves Maria Silvana, Şeker Karatoprak Gökçe, Süntar Ipek, Khan Haroon, Di Bonaventura Giovanni
Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 2023 Feb;49(1):117-149. doi: 10.1080/1040841X.2022.2038082. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
Most human infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms growing as biofilms. These three-dimensional self-organized communities are embedded in a dense matrix allowing microorganisms to persistently inhabit abiotic and biotic surfaces due to increased resistance to both antibiotics and effectors of the immune system. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to control biofilm-associated infections. Natural products offer a vast array of chemical structures and possess a wide variety of biological properties; therefore, they have been and continue to be exploited in the search for potential biofilm inhibitors with a specific or multi-locus mechanism of action. This review provides an updated discussion of the major bioactive compounds isolated from several natural sources - such as plants, lichens, algae, microorganisms, animals, and humans - with the potential to inhibit biofilm formation and/or to disperse established biofilms by bacterial pathogens. Despite the very large number of bioactive products, their exact mechanism of action often remains to be clarified and, in some cases, the identity of the active molecule is still unknown. This knowledge gap should be filled thus allowing development of these products not only as novel drugs to combat bacterial biofilms, but also as antibiotic adjuvants to restore the therapeutic efficacy of current antibiotics.
大多数人类传染病是由以生物膜形式生长的微生物引起的。这些三维自组织群落嵌入在致密的基质中，由于对抗生素和免疫系统效应物的抗性增强，使得微生物能够持久地栖息在非生物和生物表面。因此，迫切需要新的策略来控制与生物膜相关的感染。天然产物具有大量的化学结构，并拥有各种各样的生物学特性；因此，它们过去一直并且现在仍在被用于寻找具有特定或多位点作用机制的潜在生物膜抑制剂。本综述对从多种天然来源（如植物、地衣、藻类、微生物、动物和人类）中分离出的主要生物活性化合物进行了更新讨论，这些化合物具有抑制生物膜形成和/或通过细菌病原体分散已形成的生物膜的潜力。尽管有大量的生物活性产物，但其确切的作用机制往往仍有待阐明，在某些情况下，活性分子的身份仍然未知。应该填补这一知识空白，从而不仅使这些产物能够作为对抗细菌生物膜的新型药物得到开发，而且还能作为抗生素佐剂来恢复当前抗生素的治疗效果。
