Khan Anish, Kian Lau Kia, Jawaid Mohammad, Khan Aftab Aslam Parwaz, Alotaibi Maha Moteb, Asiri Abdullah M, Marwani Hadi M
Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Gels. 2022 Mar 4;8(3):161. doi: 10.3390/gels8030161.
Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is a synthetic polymer primarily used in the tire industry, due to its good collaborative properties with additives and fillers. In the present work, we aim to synthesize an SBR composite reinforced with graphene oxide filler to be made biodegradable. In composite preparation, we fabricated styrene-butadiene rubber/graphene oxide/collagen (SBR/GO/COL) composites by adding a biodegradable biomolecule of elastin collagen fillers at 1.5 wt% and 2.5 wt%. Those prepared SBR/GO/COL composites, along with pure SBR and SBR/GO as control samples, were characterized using advanced analysis techniques, and their biodegradability was also evaluated. From microscopy examination results, the morphology of pure SBR had been improved after the addition of GO for SBR/GO composite by revealing a compact structure with a smoother surface. As for the SBR/GO/1.5COL sample, the 1.5 wt% COL filler was found to be effectively embedded in the SBR/GO matrix. However, the 2.5 wt% COL amount led to the formation of an aggregated structure in the SBR/GO/2.5COL sample due to the unreacted interface between COL filler and SBR/GO. The porosity had also been improved for SBR/GO/1.5COL sample, imparting it with a surface area suitable for tires in the automobile industry. From elemental analysis, the presence of nitrogen was detected for the collagen-filled SBR composite, proving the successful incorporation of collagen fibrils. The physicochemical analysis also detected a trace of graphene oxide and collagen functional groups in the SBR composite. In addition, the thermal analysis revealed those collagen-filled composites had stable heat tolerance behavior, which is suitably used in extreme weather conditions. Moreover, the SBR/GO/1.5COL sample exhibited good characteristics in both mechanical and biodegradable properties. Thus, the product of SBR/GO/1.5COL could be regarded as a promising composite for green tires in the auto industry in the future.
丁苯橡胶（SBR）是一种合成聚合物，因其与添加剂和填料具有良好的协同性能，主要用于轮胎行业。在本研究中，我们旨在合成一种用氧化石墨烯填料增强的可生物降解丁苯橡胶复合材料。在复合材料制备过程中，我们通过添加1.5 wt%和2.5 wt%的可生物降解弹性蛋白胶原蛋白填料来制备丁苯橡胶/氧化石墨烯/胶原蛋白（SBR/GO/COL）复合材料。使用先进的分析技术对制备的SBR/GO/COL复合材料以及纯SBR和SBR/GO对照样品进行了表征，并评估了它们的生物降解性。从显微镜检查结果来看，对于SBR/GO复合材料，添加GO后纯SBR的形态得到改善，呈现出结构紧凑、表面更光滑的特点。对于SBR/GO/1.5COL样品，发现1.5 wt%的COL填料有效地嵌入到SBR/GO基体中。然而，2.5 wt%的COL用量导致SBR/GO/2.5COL样品中形成聚集结构，这是由于COL填料与SBR/GO之间存在未反应的界面。SBR/GO/1.5COL样品的孔隙率也得到改善，使其具有适合汽车工业轮胎的表面积。通过元素分析，在胶原蛋白填充的SBR复合材料中检测到氮的存在，证明胶原蛋白原纤维成功掺入。物理化学分析还在SBR复合材料中检测到微量的氧化石墨烯和胶原蛋白官能团。此外，热分析表明那些胶原蛋白填充的复合材料具有稳定的耐热性能，适合在极端天气条件下使用。而且，SBR/GO/1.5COL样品在机械性能和生物降解性能方面都表现出良好的特性。因此，SBR/GO/1.5COL产品有望成为未来汽车工业绿色轮胎的复合材料。
