Department of Cardiologic, Vascular and Thoracic Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
Curr Oncol. 2022 Mar 21;29(3):2165-2173. doi: 10.3390/curroncol29030175.
Previous studies associated high-level exposure to ultraviolet radiation with a greater risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). This study focuses on the changing incidence of CMM over time (from 1990 to 2017) in the Veneto region of Northeast Italy, and its Alpine area (the province of Belluno). The clinicopathological profile of CMM by residence is also considered. A joinpoint regression analysis was performed to identify significant changes in the yearly incidence of CMM by sex and age. For each trend, the average annual percent change (AAPC) was also calculated. In the 2017 CMM cohort, the study includes a descriptive analysis of the disease's categorical clinicopathological variables. In the population investigated, the incidence of CMM has increased significantly over the last 30 years. The AAPC in the incidence of CMM was significantly higher among Alpine residents aged 0-49 than for the rest of the region's population (males: 6.9 versus 2.4; females 7.7 versus 2.7, respectively). Among the Alpine residents, the AAPC was 3.35 times greater for females aged 0-49 than for people aged 50+. The clinicopathological profile of CMM was significantly associated with the place of residence. Over three decades, the Veneto population has observed a significant increase in the incidence of CMM, and its AAPC. Both trends have been markedly more pronounced among Alpine residents, particularly younger females. While epidemiology and clinicopathological profiles support the role of UV radiation in CMM, the young age of this CMM-affected female population points to other possible host-related etiological factors. These findings also confirm the importance of primary and secondary prevention strategies.
先前的研究表明，高水平的紫外线辐射与皮肤恶性黑色素瘤（CMM）的风险增加有关。本研究关注的是意大利东北部威尼托地区及其阿尔卑斯地区（贝卢诺省）的 CMM 发病率随时间（1990 年至 2017 年）的变化，以及按居住地划分的 CMM 的临床病理特征。采用 Joinpoint 回归分析确定了 CMM 发病率在性别和年龄方面的显著变化。对于每种趋势，还计算了平均年变化百分比（AAPC）。在 2017 年 CMM 队列中，本研究对该疾病的分类临床病理变量进行了描述性分析。在所研究的人群中，CMM 的发病率在过去 30 年中显著增加。阿尔卑斯山居民的 CMM 发病率的 AAPC 在 0-49 岁年龄组明显高于该地区其余人口（男性：6.9 比 2.4；女性：7.7 比 2.7）。在阿尔卑斯山居民中，0-49 岁女性的 AAPC 比 50 岁以上人群高 3.35 倍。CMM 的临床病理特征与居住地显著相关。三十年来，威尼托地区的 CMM 发病率及其 AAPC 显著增加。这两种趋势在阿尔卑斯山居民中更为明显，尤其是年轻女性。虽然流行病学和临床病理特征支持紫外线辐射在 CMM 中的作用，但受影响的年轻女性人群表明可能存在其他与宿主相关的病因因素。这些发现还证实了一级和二级预防策略的重要性。
