Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
Section of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Mar 19;13(3):545. doi: 10.3390/genes13030545.
Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen (CTA) identified in 1997 through analysis of the specificity of tumor-reactive T-cell clones derived from a patient with metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Although at first it seemed even more specific, various studies have shown that PRAME can also be expressed in the context of atypical lesions that do not correspond solely to the definition of malignant melanoma.
A systematic review of English articles was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
126 records were identified in the literature search, of which 9 were duplicates. After screening for eligibility and inclusion criteria, 53 publications were included.
The advent of a new marker such as PRAME is surely a step forward not only in the diagnostic approach, but also in the immunotherapeutic approach to MM. However, various studies have shown that PRAME can also be expressed in the context of atypical lesions apart from MM and, for this reason, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity (hence accuracy) are clearly lower. Further studies with larger case series will be necessary to understand better what possibilities are offered in terms of diagnostic reliability by PRAME.
黑色素瘤优先表达抗原（PRAME）是 1997 年通过分析源自转移性皮肤黑色素瘤患者的肿瘤反应性 T 细胞克隆的特异性而确定的一种癌睾丸抗原（CTA）。尽管起初它似乎更具特异性，但各种研究表明 PRAME 也可以在不单纯对应于恶性黑色素瘤定义的非典型病变的情况下表达。
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行了英文文献的系统评价。
在文献检索中发现了 126 条记录，其中 9 条是重复的。在筛选合格性和纳入标准后，纳入了 53 篇出版物。
新标记物如 PRAME 的出现不仅在诊断方法上，而且在 MM 的免疫治疗方法上都肯定是向前迈进了一步。然而，各种研究表明 PRAME 也可以在除 MM 之外的非典型病变中表达，因此，诊断的敏感性和特异性（因此准确性）明显降低。需要进一步进行更大病例系列的研究，以更好地了解 PRAME 在诊断可靠性方面提供了哪些可能性。
