Meissel Emily E E, Liu Huiting, Stevens Elizabeth S, Evans Travis C, Britton Jennifer C, Letkiewicz Allison M, Shankman Stewart A
San Diego State University/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Ct. San Diego, CA 92120.
Evidence Based Treatment Centers of Seattle, 1200 5th Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101.
Cognit Ther Res. 2022 Feb;46(1):146-160. doi: 10.1007/s10608-021-10212-w. Epub 2021 Feb 17.
Attention bias to threat is a fundamental transdiagnostic component and potential vulnerability factor for internalizing psychopathologies. However, the measurement of attentional bias, such as traditional scores from the dot-probe paradigm, evidence poor reliability and do not measure intra-individual variation in attentional bias.
The present study examined, in three independent samples, the psychometric properties of a novel attentional bias (AB) scoring method of the dot-probe task based on responses to individual trials. For six AB scores derived using the response-based approach, we assessed the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, familial associations, and external validity (using Social Anxiety Disorder, a disorder strongly associated with attentional bias to threatening faces).
Compared to traditional AB scores, response-based scores had generally better internal consistency (range of Cronbach's alphas: 0.68-0.92 vs. 0.41-0.71), higher test-retest reliabilities (range of Pearson's correlations: 0.26-0.77 vs. -0.05-0.35), and were more strongly related in family members (range of ICCs: 0.11-0.27 vs. 0-0.05). Furthermore, three response-based scores added incremental validity beyond traditional scores and gender in the external validators of current and lifetime Social Anxiety Disorder.
Findings indicate that response-based AB scores from the dot-probe task have better psychometric properties than traditional scores.
对威胁的注意偏向是内化性精神病理学的一个基本的跨诊断成分和潜在的易感性因素。然而，注意偏向的测量，如点探测范式的传统分数，可靠性较差，且无法测量注意偏向的个体内变异。
本研究在三个独立样本中检验了基于单个试验反应的点探测任务新型注意偏向（AB）评分方法的心理测量特性。对于使用基于反应的方法得出的六个AB分数，我们评估了其内部一致性、重测信度、家族关联性和外部效度（使用社交焦虑障碍，一种与对威胁性面孔的注意偏向密切相关的障碍）。
与传统AB分数相比，基于反应的分数通常具有更好的内部一致性（克朗巴哈系数范围：0.68 - 0.92对0.41 - 0.71）、更高的重测信度（皮尔逊相关系数范围：0.26 - 0.77对 - 0.05 - 0.35），并且在家庭成员中相关性更强（组内相关系数范围：0.11 - 0.27对0 - 0.05）。此外，在当前和终生社交焦虑障碍的外部验证指标中，三个基于反应的分数在传统分数和性别之外增加了增量效度。
研究结果表明，点探测任务中基于反应的AB分数比传统分数具有更好的心理测量特性。
