Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 14;14(6):1225. doi: 10.3390/nu14061225.
The intake of selected minerals, especially zinc, calcium and selenium, and high consumption of dietary isoflavones are recognised as factors influencing prostate cancer risk. Moreover, changes in levels of some essential elements are characteristic of the disease. Here, we examined the combined effects of main dietary isoflavonoids (genistein, daidzein and its metabolite, equol) and minerals implicated in prostate cancer, namely zinc, selenium, copper, iron and calcium, on LNCaP prostate cancer cells proliferation. Secondly, we evaluated the influence of the combinations on genotoxicity of model mutagens, 4-nitroquinoline oxide (4NQO) and 2-aminoanthracene (2AA), in the test. All combinations of isoflavonoids and minerals inhibited prostate cancer cells growth. However, only mixtures with iron ions had significantly stronger effect than the phytochemicals. Interestingly, we observed that only genistein attenuated genotoxicity of 4NQO. The addition of any tested mineral abolished this effect. All tested isoflavonoids had anti-genotoxic activity against 2AA, which was significantly enhanced in the presence of copper sulphate. Our results indicate that the tested minerals in physiological concentrations had minimal influence on the anti-proliferative activity of isoflavonoids. However, they significantly modulated the anti-genotoxic effects of isoflavonoids against both metabolically activated and direct mutagens. Thus, the minerals intake and nutritional status may modulate protective action of isoflavonoids.
摄入某些矿物质，尤其是锌、钙和硒，以及大量食用膳食异黄酮，被认为是影响前列腺癌风险的因素。此外，一些必需元素水平的变化是该疾病的特征。在这里，我们研究了主要膳食异黄酮（染料木黄酮、大豆苷元和其代谢物黄豆苷元）和与前列腺癌有关的矿物质（锌、硒、铜、铁和钙）的联合作用对 LNCaP 前列腺癌细胞增殖的影响。其次，我们评估了这些组合对模型诱变剂 4-硝基喹啉氧化物（4NQO）和 2-氨基蒽（2AA）遗传毒性的影响。异黄酮和矿物质的所有组合都抑制了前列腺癌细胞的生长。然而，只有含有铁离子的混合物比植物化学物质具有更强的效果。有趣的是，我们观察到只有染料木黄酮减弱了 4NQO 的遗传毒性。添加任何测试的矿物质都会消除这种效果。所有测试的异黄酮对 2AA 都具有抗遗传毒性活性，而在添加硫酸铜的情况下，这种活性显著增强。我们的结果表明，在生理浓度下，测试的矿物质对异黄酮的抗增殖活性影响最小。然而，它们显著调节了异黄酮对代谢激活和直接诱变剂的抗遗传毒性作用。因此，矿物质的摄入和营养状况可能会调节异黄酮的保护作用。
