Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Enteric Disease and Vaccine Research Unit, Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 34681, Zambia.
Viruses. 2022 Feb 23;14(3):459. doi: 10.3390/v14030459.
Cellular immunity against rotavirus in children is incompletely understood. This review describes the current understanding of T-cell immunity to rotavirus in children. A systematic literature search was conducted in Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Global Health databases using a combination of "t-cell", "rotavirus" and "child" keywords to extract data from relevant articles published from January 1973 to March 2020. Only seventeen articles were identified. Rotavirus-specific T-cell immunity in children develops and broadens reactivity with increasing age. Whilst occurring in close association with antibody responses, T-cell responses are more transient but can occur in absence of detectable antibody responses. Rotavirus-induced T-cell immunity is largely of the gut homing phenotype and predominantly involves Th1 and cytotoxic subsets that may be influenced by IL-10 Tregs. However, rotavirus-specific T-cell responses in children are generally of low frequencies in peripheral blood and are limited in comparison to other infecting pathogens and in adults. The available research reviewed here characterizes the T-cell immune response in children. There is a need for further research investigating the protective associations of rotavirus-specific T-cell responses against infection or vaccination and the standardization of rotavirus-specific T-cells assays in children.
儿童对轮状病毒的细胞免疫反应尚未完全了解。本综述描述了目前对儿童轮状病毒 T 细胞免疫的理解。使用“T 细胞”、“轮状病毒”和“儿童”关键词的组合，在 Embase、MEDLINE、Web of Science 和全球健康数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，以从 1973 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月发表的相关文章中提取数据。仅确定了十七篇文章。儿童的轮状病毒特异性 T 细胞免疫随着年龄的增长而发展和扩大反应性。虽然与抗体反应密切相关，但 T 细胞反应是短暂的，但也可能在没有检测到抗体反应的情况下发生。轮状病毒诱导的 T 细胞免疫主要是肠道归巢表型，主要涉及 Th1 和细胞毒性亚群，这些亚群可能受 IL-10 Tregs 的影响。然而，与其他感染病原体和成人相比，儿童外周血中轮状病毒特异性 T 细胞反应的频率通常较低且受到限制。本综述中回顾的现有研究描述了儿童的 T 细胞免疫反应。需要进一步研究轮状病毒特异性 T 细胞反应对感染或疫苗接种的保护相关性，以及儿童轮状病毒特异性 T 细胞检测的标准化。
