Control of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Met Office, Exeter EX1 3PB, UK.
Viruses. 2022 Feb 28;14(3):502. doi: 10.3390/v14030502.
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) cause economically important diseases that are currently exotic to the United Kingdom (UK), but have significant potential for introduction and onward transmission. Given the susceptibility of animals kept in zoo collections to vector-borne diseases, a qualitative risk assessment for the introduction of BTV and AHSV to ZSL London Zoo was performed. Risk pathways for each virus were identified and assessed using published literature, animal import data and outputs from epidemiological models. Direct imports of infected animals, as well as wind-borne infected , were considered as routes of incursion. The proximity of ongoing disease events in mainland Europe and proven capability of transmission to the UK places ZSL London Zoo at higher risk of BTV release and exposure (estimated as ) than AHSV (estimated as ). The recent long-range expansion of AHSV into Thailand from southern Africa highlights the need for vector competence studies of Palearctic for AHSV to assess the risk of transmission in this region.
蓝舌病病毒（BTV）和非洲马瘟病毒（AHSV）可引起具有重大经济意义的疾病，目前这两种病毒在英国（UK）属于外来病，但具有传入和继续传播的重大潜力。鉴于动物园饲养动物易患媒介传播疾病，因此对 BTV 和 AHSV 传入 ZSL 伦敦动物园进行了定性风险评估。使用已发表的文献、动物进口数据和流行病学模型的输出，确定并评估了每种病毒的风险途径。考虑了感染动物的直接进口以及风传播感染的途径作为入侵途径。欧洲大陆正在发生的疾病事件以及向英国传播的已有证据表明，ZSL 伦敦动物园面临着更高的 BTV 释放和暴露风险（估计为 ），而不是 AHSV（估计为 ）。最近，AHSV 从南部非洲长距离扩展到泰国，突显了对 AHSV 在 Palearctic 的媒介效能研究的必要性，以评估该地区的传播风险。
