Lekan Olawumi Abdulgafar, Mbaseege Kabona Anna, Oyeleke Oyeronke Adekemi, Kamuanga Michaël Kapitene, Itua Blessing, Ibraheem Abdulrauf Segun, Idris Ahmad Oseni Tijani
Department of Family Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Department of Family medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Feb 28;44(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00719-9.
Hypertension is increasingly prevalent globally. Pre-hypertension is associated with cardiovascular mortality but often overlooked, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where healthcare resources are limited. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) evaluates the inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, which may influence pre-hypertension risk. This study aims to investigate the relationship between DII and pre-hypertension among adults, highlighting the need for effective dietary interventions.
A muti-center cross sectional study involving 284 adult non-hypertensive patients was conducted in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Dietary habits were assessed using the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), while pre-hypertension was assessed using auscultatory method with a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, following recommended guidelines. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.
Of 279 respondents who completed the study, 56.3% had pre-hypertension while 48.4% had high DII (pro-inflammatory). Prevalence varied across age groups, ethnicities, and study sites. Although, DII did not significantly predict pre-hypertension in this study, underweight (aOR = 0.26, CI = 0.07-0.98, p = 0.047), and younger age (aOR = 0.25, CI = 0.08-0.74, p = 0.013), were independently associated with reduced pre-hypertension risk.
Pre-hypertension is common among adults in Nigeria and DRC. Dietary inflammatory index did not influence pre-hypertension; however, age and BMI are critical factors that influence the risk of pre-hypertension.
高血压在全球范围内日益普遍。高血压前期与心血管疾病死亡率相关，但常常被忽视，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，那里的医疗资源有限。饮食炎症指数（DII）评估饮食模式的炎症潜力，这可能会影响高血压前期风险。本研究旨在调查成年人中DII与高血压前期之间的关系，强调有效饮食干预的必要性。
在尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国（DRC）进行了一项多中心横断面研究，涉及284名成年非高血压患者。使用饮食炎症指数（DII）评估饮食习惯，同时按照推荐指南，使用听诊法和血压计及听诊器评估高血压前期。数据分析包括描述性统计、卡方检验和逻辑回归。
在完成研究的279名受访者中，56.3%患有高血压前期，而48.4%的人DII较高（促炎）。患病率因年龄组、种族和研究地点而异。尽管在本研究中DII并未显著预测高血压前期，但体重过轻（调整后比值比[aOR]=0.26，置信区间[CI]=0.07-0.98，p=0.047）和年龄较小（aOR=0.25，CI=0.08-0.74，p=0.013）与降低的高血压前期风险独立相关。
高血压前期在尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国的成年人中很常见。饮食炎症指数并未影响高血压前期；然而，年龄和体重指数是影响高血压前期风险的关键因素。
