大麻概述，包括汉方医学与痴呆症治疗：综述
Overview of Cannabis including Kampo Medicine and Therapy for Treatment of Dementia: A Review.
作者信息
Wenger Tibor, Watanabe Kazuhito, Sasaki Yui, Kanazawa Keiko, Shimizu Koichi, Sirikantaramas Supaart, Shoyama Yoshinari, Taura Futoshi, Morimoto Satoshi, Shoyama Yukihiro
机构信息
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Daiichi University of Pharmacy, Fukuoka, Japan.
出版信息
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 1;12:713228. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.713228. eCollection 2021.
L. is an annual herb oldest cultivated plants as a source of fiber since about 5000 B.C. On the other hand, the cannabis flower and seed are listed in Shennong's classic Materia Medica approximately 2000 years ago. The formulas prescribed with cannabis in Kampo medicine have been summarized. Cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are the major neurological and psychiatric cannabinoids, and develop to drugs. It becomes evident that the therapeutic CBD and/or THC are the important candidate of anti-dementia drugs having different mechanism for Alzheimer's patients. Two receptors and endocannabinoids are also discussed for underlying mechanism of action. In order to promote the breeding of cannabis plant containing higher concentration of target cannabinoid the biosynthetic enzymes were isolated, cloning and the tertiary structure of THCA synthase determined by x-ray analysis resulting in the possibility of molecular breeding for cannabinoids.
亚麻是一种一年生草本植物，自公元前约5000年起就是最古老的作为纤维来源而种植的植物。另一方面，大麻花和种子在大约2000年前被列入《神农本草经》。汉方医学中使用大麻的方剂已被总结。大麻二酚（CBD）和四氢大麻酚（THC）是主要的神经和精神类大麻素，并发展成为药物。很明显，治疗性的CBD和/或THC是针对阿尔茨海默病患者具有不同作用机制的抗痴呆药物的重要候选者。还讨论了两种受体和内源性大麻素的作用机制。为了促进含有更高浓度目标大麻素的大麻植物的培育，分离了生物合成酶，进行了克隆，并通过X射线分析确定了THCA合酶的三级结构，从而实现了大麻素分子育种的可能性。
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