Koumadoraki Evgenia, Madouros Nikolaos, Sharif Shayka, Saleem Amber, Jarvis Sommer, Khan Safeera
Pathology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Feb 20;14(2):e22411. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22411. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Hemophagocytic lymphocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening, underdiagnosed syndrome caused by the excessive release of inflammatory mediators. Primary lymphocytosis is usually seen in young children and is associated with genetic defects, while secondary lymphocytosis is presented in adults due to malignancy, rheumatic disease, or infection. The aim of this study is to describe the infectious agents that trigger HLH in the adult population and provide diagnostic and treatment guidelines for this life-threatening syndrome. We conducted a literature review using PubMed as our basic database. We collected papers from the past six years that studied infectious agents that triggered HLH and described the most recommended treatment options for this serious condition. A total of 32 studies were included for this literature review.HLH is considered a syndrome with variable symptoms, and clinicians should be familiar with its complexity and the pathologies that could contribute to its presentation. Collaboration between physicians and awareness are basic steps for the management of patients with HLH.
噬血细胞性淋巴细胞增多症（HLH）是一种由炎症介质过度释放引起的危及生命且诊断不足的综合征。原发性淋巴细胞增多症通常见于幼儿，与遗传缺陷有关，而继发性淋巴细胞增多症则在成人中因恶性肿瘤、风湿性疾病或感染而出现。本研究的目的是描述在成人人群中引发HLH的感染因子，并为这种危及生命的综合征提供诊断和治疗指南。我们以PubMed作为基本数据库进行了文献综述。我们收集了过去六年中研究引发HLH的感染因子并描述针对这种严重病症最推荐治疗方案的论文。本项文献综述共纳入32项研究。HLH被认为是一种症状多变的综合征，临床医生应熟悉其复杂性以及可能导致其表现的病理情况。医生之间的协作和认识是管理HLH患者的基本步骤。
