Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Meat Science and Animal Biologics Discovery Program, Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Poult Sci. 2022 May;101(5):101784. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101784. Epub 2022 Feb 18.
Management of laying hens has undergone considerable changes in the commercial egg industry. Shifting commercial production from cage-based systems to cage-free has impacted the housing environment and created issues not previously encountered. Sources of microorganisms that become established in the early stages of layer chick development may originate from the hen and depend on the microbial ecology of the reproductive tract. Development of the layer hen GIT microbiota appears to occur in stages as the bird matures. Several factors can impact the development of the layer hen GIT, including pathogens, environment, and feed additives such as antibiotics. In this review, the current status of the laying hen GIT microbial consortia and factors that impact the development and function of these respective microbial populations will be discussed, as well as future research directions.
在商业蛋鸡养殖中，蛋鸡管理已经发生了重大变化。从笼养系统向散养系统的转变，影响了饲养环境，并产生了以前从未遇到过的问题。在蛋鸡雏鸡发育的早期阶段定居下来的微生物来源可能来自母鸡，并取决于生殖道的微生物生态学。随着禽类的成熟，蛋鸡胃肠道微生物群的发育似乎分阶段进行。有几个因素会影响蛋鸡胃肠道的发育，包括病原体、环境和抗生素等饲料添加剂。在这篇综述中，将讨论当前蛋鸡胃肠道微生物群落的状况，以及影响这些微生物群体发育和功能的因素，以及未来的研究方向。
