Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
Institute of Experimental Diagnostics of Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine of Yunnan Province, Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2023;63(26):8428-8442. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Observational studies and clinical trials have evaluated the associations between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence/mortality and obtained mixed results. Previous meta-analyses have also yielded inconsistent conclusions. In this paper, we conduct an updated meta-analysis by including current randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to assess the association between vitamin D supplementation and cancer incidence and mortality. The PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases were systematically searched from their inception to 6 February 2022. Fixed-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Trial sequential analyses were performed using a risk ratio reduction threshold of 10% for cancer incidence and mortality. Twenty-six RCTs were eligible, and pooled results indicated that vitamin D supplementation, compared to placebo with/without calcium, was not associated with a reduction in total cancer incidence (risk ratio: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.02; I = 0%). In contrast, vitamin D supplementation significantly reduced total cancer mortality (risk ratio: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.8, 0.96; I = 0%). Moreover, trial sequential analysis provided reliable evidence that supplementation with vitamin D lowered the relative risk of total cancer mortality by 10%. Our updated meta-analysis suggested that vitamin D supplementation did not reduce total cancer incidence but significantly lowered total cancer mortality.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574 .
观察性研究和临床试验评估了维生素 D 补充与癌症发病率/死亡率之间的关系，得出的结果喜忧参半。之前的荟萃分析也得出了不一致的结论。在本文中，我们通过纳入当前的随机临床试验（RCT）来更新荟萃分析，以评估维生素 D 补充与癌症发病率和死亡率之间的关系。我们系统地检索了 PubMed、Scopus 和 Embase 数据库，检索时间截至 2022 年 2 月 6 日。采用固定效应荟萃分析。使用癌症发病率和死亡率风险比降低阈值为 10%进行试验序贯分析。26 项 RCT 符合条件，汇总结果表明，与安慰剂加/不加钙相比，维生素 D 补充与总癌症发病率的降低无关（风险比：0.98，95%CI：0.94，1.02；I²=0%）。相比之下，维生素 D 补充可显著降低总癌症死亡率（风险比：0.88，95%CI：0.8，0.96；I²=0%）。此外，试验序贯分析提供了可靠的证据，表明维生素 D 补充可将总癌症死亡率的相对风险降低 10%。我们的更新荟萃分析表明，维生素 D 补充并未降低总癌症发病率，但可显著降低总癌症死亡率。本文的补充数据可在 https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2022.2056574 在线获取。
