Parker Kate, Brown Helen L, Salmon Jo
Deakin University.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2023 Jun;94(2):374-382. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1998305. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
This study aimed to identify intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental correlates of leisure-time participation in sports and examine whether they are also associated with screen-time among adolescents. Adolescents from eight schools in Victoria, Australia were recruited for this study. Participants (n = 400) comprised of an even distribution of boys (51%) and girls (49%) aged 12-16 years. Their engagement in leisure-time activities (including sports and screen-time) and 13 potential correlates were self-reported. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined correlates of sports and screen-time participation categories, accounting for clustering by school and adjusting for significant sociodemographic characteristics. The majority (76%) participated in leisure-time sports and exceeded screen-time recommendations (<2 h/day) on both weekdays (69%) and weekend days (85%). Greater internal motivation for sports was positively associated with sports participation and inversely associated with screen-time on weekend days, respectively. Fewer barriers, positive family and coach support and more neighborhood sporting opportunities were significantly associated with greater sports participation. Neighborhood social norms were inversely associated with sports participation. Preference for sports was associated with less weekday and weekend screen-time. Friend support for sports was inversely associated with weekday screen-time. Access to sports facilities in the local neighborhood was associated with more weekday and weekend screen-time. Internal motivation for sports was associated with both sports participation and less screen-time. Preference for leisure-time sports and friend support for sports were associated with less screen-time. Future research should continue to explore common correlates of multiple leisure-time behaviors to inform the development of effective intervention strategies.
本研究旨在确定青少年休闲时间参与体育活动的个人、人际和环境相关因素，并检验这些因素是否也与青少年的屏幕使用时间有关。澳大利亚维多利亚州八所学校的青少年被招募参与本研究。参与者（n = 400）包括年龄在12至16岁之间的男孩（51%）和女孩（49%），分布均匀。他们对休闲活动（包括体育活动和屏幕使用时间）的参与情况以及13个潜在相关因素通过自我报告获得。多项逻辑回归分析检验了体育活动和屏幕使用时间参与类别的相关因素，考虑了学校聚类情况，并对重要的社会人口学特征进行了调整。大多数（76%）参与者在休闲时间参与体育活动，并且在工作日（69%）和周末（85%）都超过了屏幕使用时间建议（每天<2小时）。对体育活动更强的内在动机分别与体育活动参与呈正相关，与周末的屏幕使用时间呈负相关。更少的障碍、积极的家庭和教练支持以及更多的社区体育机会与更高的体育活动参与显著相关。社区社会规范与体育活动参与呈负相关。对体育活动的偏好与工作日和周末较少的屏幕使用时间相关。朋友对体育活动的支持与工作日的屏幕使用时间呈负相关。当地社区体育设施的可及性与工作日和周末更多的屏幕使用时间相关。体育活动的内在动机与体育活动参与和较少的屏幕使用时间都相关。对休闲体育活动的偏好和朋友对体育活动的支持与较少的屏幕使用时间相关。未来的研究应继续探索多种休闲行为的共同相关因素，以为有效干预策略的制定提供信息。
