School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States of America.
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 30;17(3):e0265009. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265009. eCollection 2022.
Animals are constantly bombarded with stimuli, which presents a fundamental problem of sorting among pervasive uninformative stimuli and novel, possibly meaningful stimuli. We evaluated novelty detection behaviorally in honey bees as they position their antennae differentially in an air stream carrying familiar or novel odors. We then characterized neuronal responses to familiar and novel odors in the first synaptic integration center in the brain-the antennal lobes. We found that the neurons that exhibited stronger initial responses to the odor that was to be familiarized are the same units that later distinguish familiar and novel odors, independently of chemical identities. These units, including both tentative projection neurons and local neurons, showed a decreased response to the familiar odor but an increased response to the novel odor. Our results suggest that the antennal lobe may represent familiarity or novelty to an odor stimulus in addition to its chemical identity code. Therefore, the mechanisms for novelty detection may be present in early sensory processing, either as a result of local synaptic interaction or via feedback from higher brain centers.
动物不断受到刺激的轰炸，这就提出了一个基本问题，即如何在普遍无信息的刺激和新颖的、可能有意义的刺激之间进行分类。当蜜蜂将触角置于携带熟悉或新颖气味的气流中时，我们会对其新奇性检测行为进行评估。然后，我们在大脑中的第一个突触整合中心——触角叶中对熟悉和新颖气味的神经元反应进行了特征描述。我们发现，对即将熟悉的气味表现出更强初始反应的神经元与后来区分熟悉和新颖气味的神经元相同，而与化学特性无关。这些神经元包括试探性投射神经元和局部神经元，它们对熟悉气味的反应减弱，但对新颖气味的反应增强。我们的结果表明，除了气味的化学特征代码外，触角叶可能还代表着对气味刺激的熟悉或新颖程度。因此，新奇性检测的机制可能存在于早期的感觉处理中，或者是由于局部突触相互作用，或者是由于来自大脑更高区域的反馈。
