Hattori Daisuke, Aso Yoshinori, Swartz Kurtis J, Rubin Gerald M, Abbott L F, Axel Richard
The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
Cell. 2017 May 18;169(5):956-969.e17. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.04.028. Epub 2017 May 11.
Animals exhibit a behavioral response to novel sensory stimuli about which they have no prior knowledge. We have examined the neural and behavioral correlates of novelty and familiarity in the olfactory system of Drosophila. Novel odors elicit strong activity in output neurons (MBONs) of the α'3 compartment of the mushroom body that is rapidly suppressed upon repeated exposure to the same odor. This transition in neural activity upon familiarization requires odor-evoked activity in the dopaminergic neuron innervating this compartment. Moreover, exposure of a fly to novel odors evokes an alerting response that can also be elicited by optogenetic activation of α'3 MBONs. Silencing these MBONs eliminates the alerting behavior. These data suggest that the α'3 compartment plays a causal role in the behavioral response to novel and familiar stimuli as a consequence of dopamine-mediated plasticity at the Kenyon cell-MBONα'3 synapse.
动物对它们之前没有相关知识的新感官刺激会表现出行为反应。我们研究了果蝇嗅觉系统中新奇性和熟悉度的神经及行为相关性。新气味会在蘑菇体α'3区的输出神经元（MBONs）中引发强烈活动，而在反复接触相同气味后，这种活动会迅速受到抑制。熟悉过程中神经活动的这种转变需要支配该区域的多巴胺能神经元产生气味诱发的活动。此外，果蝇接触新气味会引发警觉反应，这种反应也可以通过对α'3 MBONs进行光遗传学激活来诱发。使这些MBONs沉默会消除警觉行为。这些数据表明，由于肯扬细胞-MBONα'3突触处多巴胺介导的可塑性，α'3区在对新刺激和熟悉刺激的行为反应中起因果作用。
