Gascue Federico, Marachlian Emiliano, Azcueta Milagros, Locatelli Fernando F, Klappenbach Martín
Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, CONICET, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, Paris, France.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2022 Apr 20;12:323-332. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.04.005. eCollection 2022 Jun.
The fact that honey bees have a relatively simple nervous system that allows complex behaviors has made them an outstanding model for studying neurobiological processes. Studies on learning and memory routinely use appetitive and aversive learning paradigms that involve recording of the proboscis or the sting extension. However, these protocols are based on all-or-none responses, which has the disadvantage of occluding intermediate and more elaborated behaviors. Nowadays, the great advances in tracking software and data analysis, combined with affordable video recording systems, have made it possible to extract very detailed information about animal behavior. Here we describe antennal movements that are elicited by odor that have no, positive or negative valence. We show that animals orient their antennae towards the source of the odor when it is positive, and orient them in the opposite direction when the odor is negative. Moreover, we found that this behavior was modified between animals that had been trained based on protocols of different strength. Since this procedure allows a more accurate description of the behavioral outcome using a relatively small number of animals, it represents a great tool for studying different cognitive processes and olfactory perception.
蜜蜂拥有相对简单的神经系统却能表现出复杂行为，这一事实使其成为研究神经生物学过程的杰出模型。关于学习和记忆的研究通常使用涉及记录喙伸展或蛰刺伸展的正向和负向学习范式。然而，这些实验方案基于全或无反应，其缺点是会掩盖中间及更精细的行为。如今，跟踪软件和数据分析的巨大进步，再加上价格合理的视频记录系统，使得提取有关动物行为的非常详细的信息成为可能。在这里，我们描述了由无正负效价的气味引发的触角运动。我们表明，当气味为正时，动物会将触角朝向气味源，而当气味为负时，它们会将触角朝向相反方向。此外，我们发现这种行为在基于不同强度方案训练的动物之间有所改变。由于该程序使用相对较少数量的动物就能更准确地描述行为结果，它是研究不同认知过程和嗅觉感知的一个很好的工具。
