Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2022 Nov;22(11):701-712. doi: 10.1038/s41577-022-00704-5. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
More than a decade ago, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) were discovered to be members of a family of innate immune cells consisting of five subsets that form a first line of defence against infections before the recruitment of adaptive immune cells. Initially, ILC2s were implicated in the early immune response to parasitic infections, but it is now clear that ILC2s are highly diverse and have crucial roles in the regulation of tissue homeostasis and repair. ILC2s can also regulate the functions of other type 2 immune cells, including T helper 2 cells, type 2 macrophages and eosinophils. Dysregulation of ILC2s contributes to type 2-mediated pathology in a wide variety of diseases, potentially making ILC2s attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. In this Review, we focus on the spectrum of ILC2 phenotypes that have been described across different tissues and disease states with an emphasis on human ILC2s. We discuss recent insights in ILC2 biology and suggest how this knowledge might be used for novel disease treatments and improved human health.
十多年前，人们发现 2 型固有淋巴细胞（ILC2）是固有免疫细胞家族的成员之一，该家族由五个亚群组成，在适应性免疫细胞募集之前，构成了抵御感染的第一道防线。最初，ILC2 被认为与寄生虫感染的早期免疫反应有关，但现在很清楚的是，ILC2 高度多样化，在组织稳态和修复的调节中发挥着关键作用。ILC2 还可以调节其他 2 型免疫细胞的功能，包括辅助性 T 细胞 2（Th2）细胞、2 型巨噬细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞。ILC2 的失调导致多种疾病的 2 型介导的病理，这使得 ILC2 成为治疗干预的有吸引力的靶点。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了不同组织和疾病状态下描述的 ILC2 表型谱，重点关注人类 ILC2。我们讨论了 ILC2 生物学的最新见解，并提出了如何利用这些知识来治疗新的疾病和改善人类健康。
