Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Engineer Abdullah Ahmad Bagshan for Bee Research, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 31;17(3):e0265454. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265454. eCollection 2022.
Morphometric and genetic characterization of many Apis mellifera subspecies are well-documented. A. m. jemenetica occurs naturally in Africa and Asia. In this study, genetic variation of mitochondrial Cytochrome Oxidase II (COII) and III (COIII) were analysed in 133 specimens of the endemic honeybee colonies within Saudi Arabia. The COII gene sequence length was 684 bp comprising nine synonymous (1.3%) and two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (0.87%). Five variants of COII were not previously documented, one variant (MT755968) showed an extra restriction site when subjected to type II restriction endonuclease from Arthrobacter protophormiae (Apol) or to Haemophilus influenzae Rf (Hinf1). Changes in COII sequence separated samples into three haplogroups. Whereas, COIII gene sequence length was 780 bp, including 18 synonymous and five non-synonymous SNPs. Furthermore, variation in COII sequence was more informative based on restriction profiles and on amino acid changes compared with COIII gene sequence. Variants of COIII showed identical restriction sites when subjected to type II restriction endonuclease from Deinococcus radiophilus (DraI), and revealed high similarity to African subspecies. Results of this study are very useful in understanding genetic diversity and characterization of A. mellifera subspecies.
形态和遗传特征的许多蜜蜂亚种有很好的记录。A. m. jemenetica 自然发生在非洲和亚洲。在这项研究中，线粒体细胞色素氧化酶 II（COII）和 III（COIII）的遗传变异分析 133 标本的特有蜜蜂殖民地在沙特阿拉伯。COII 基因序列长度为 684 bp 包括九个同义（1.3%）和两个非同义单核苷酸多态性（SNP）（0.87%）。五个 COII 变体之前没有记录，一个变体（MT755968）显示了一个额外的限制位点时，受到从节杆菌 protophormiae（Apol）或流感嗜血杆菌 Rf（Hinf1）型 II 限制内切酶。COII 序列的变化将样品分为三个单倍群。而 COIII 基因序列长度为 780 bp，包括 18 个同义突变和 5 个非同义 SNP。此外，COII 序列的变化比 COIII 基因序列更能提供信息，基于限制图谱和氨基酸变化。COIII 变体显示相同的限制位点时，受到从 Deinococcus radiophilus（DraI）型 II 限制内切酶，并显示出与非洲亚种的高度相似性。这项研究的结果在理解遗传多样性和特征的蜜蜂亚种非常有用。
