Duan Qiang, Li Guo-Rui, Qu Yi-Peng, Yin Dong-Xue, Zhang Chun-Ling, Chen Yong-Sheng
College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China.
Key Laboratory of Castor Breeding of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Tongliao, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 10;13:808279. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.808279. eCollection 2022.
Euphorbiaceae, a family of plants mainly grown in the tropics and subtropics, is also widely distributed all over the world and is well known for being rich in rubber, oil, medicinal materials, starch, wood and other economically important plant products. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a family of proteins encoded by a large supergene family and are widely expressed in animals, bacteria, fungi and plants, but with few reports of them in Euphorbiaceae plants. These proteins participate in and regulate the detoxification and oxidative stress response of heterogeneous organisms, resistance to stress, growth and development, signal transduction and other related processes. In this study, we identified and analyzed the whole genomes of four species of Euphorbiaceae, namely , and , which have high economic and practical value. A total of 244 GST genes were identified. Based on their sequence characteristics and conserved domain types, the GST supergene family in Euphorbiaceae was classified into 10 subfamilies. The GST supergene families of Euphorbiaceae and Arabidopsis have been found to be highly conserved in evolution, and tandem repeats and translocations in these genes have made the greatest contributions to gene amplification here and have experienced strong purification selection. An evolutionary analysis showed that Euphorbiaceae GST genes have also evolved into new subtribes (GSTO, EF1BG, MAPEG), which may play a specific role in Euphorbiaceae. An analysis of expression patterns of the GST supergene family in Euphorbiaceae revealed the functions of these GSTs in different tissues, including resistance to stress and participation in herbicide detoxification. In addition, an interaction analysis was performed to determine the GST gene regulatory mechanism. The results of this study have laid a foundation for further analysis of the functions of the GST supergene family in Euphorbiaceae, especially in stress and herbicide detoxification. The results have also provided new ideas for the study of the regulatory mechanism of the GST supergene family, and have provided a reference for follow-up genetics and breeding work.
大戟科植物主要生长在热带和亚热带地区，在全球也广泛分布，以富含橡胶、油、药材、淀粉、木材及其他具有重要经济价值的植物产品而闻名。谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GSTs）是由一个大型超基因家族编码的蛋白质家族，在动物、细菌、真菌和植物中广泛表达，但在大戟科植物中的报道较少。这些蛋白质参与并调节异源生物的解毒和氧化应激反应、抗逆性、生长发育、信号转导等相关过程。在本研究中，我们鉴定并分析了四种具有高经济和实用价值的大戟科植物，即 、 和 的全基因组。共鉴定出244个GST基因。基于其序列特征和保守结构域类型，大戟科的GST超基因家族被分为10个亚家族。已发现大戟科和拟南芥的GST超基因家族在进化上高度保守，这些基因中的串联重复和易位对这里的基因扩增贡献最大，并经历了强烈的纯化选择。进化分析表明，大戟科GST基因也进化成了新的亚族（GSTO、EF1BG、MAPEG），这可能在大戟科中发挥特定作用。对大戟科GST超基因家族表达模式的分析揭示了这些GST在不同组织中的功能，包括抗逆性和参与除草剂解毒。此外，还进行了相互作用分析以确定GST基因调控机制。本研究结果为进一步分析大戟科GST超基因家族的功能，特别是在胁迫和除草剂解毒方面的功能奠定了基础。研究结果也为GST超基因家族调控机制的研究提供了新思路，并为后续的遗传学和育种工作提供了参考。
