Kim Boo-Young, Bae Jung Ho
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Ear Nose Throat J. 2025 Jan;104(1):39-46. doi: 10.1177/01455613211056553. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
We investigated the relationship between olfactory function and depression and suggested future research in this area from rhinology.
We independently searched 5 databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane database) for recent studies published from December 2019 to the present. From the obtained studies, we reviewed the findings on olfactory function and depression using a questionnaire to measure depression and olfactory tests.
The olfactory function test score based on the UPSIT-40 (standardized mean difference = -.37 [-.66; -.08], = .0123) was significantly lower in the depression group than in the control group. The olfactory function score based on the Sniffin' sticks test for identification, discrimination, and threshold was lower in the depression group than in the control. A meta-analysis of the studies showed that depressed patients showed lower olfactory function than the control group.
The findings revealed that an understanding of the relationship between olfaction and depression can be determined using an analysis methodology and a standardized olfactory test. Olfactory functioning and processing are highly integrated with emotion and memory through projections from the olfactory bulb to the central areas.
我们研究了嗅觉功能与抑郁症之间的关系，并从鼻科学角度对该领域未来的研究提出建议。
我们独立检索了5个数据库（PubMed、SCOPUS、Embase、科学网和Cochrane数据库），以查找2019年12月至今发表的近期研究。从获得的研究中，我们使用测量抑郁症的问卷和嗅觉测试来回顾有关嗅觉功能和抑郁症的研究结果。
抑郁症组基于UPSIT - 40的嗅觉功能测试得分（标准化均数差= -0.37 [-0.66；-0.08]，P = 0.0123）显著低于对照组。基于嗅棒识别、辨别和阈值测试的抑郁症组嗅觉功能得分低于对照组。对这些研究的荟萃分析表明，抑郁症患者的嗅觉功能低于对照组。
研究结果表明，使用分析方法和标准化嗅觉测试可以确定对嗅觉与抑郁症之间关系的理解。嗅觉功能和处理通过从嗅球到中枢区域的投射与情感和记忆高度整合。
