A facile green synthesis of a perovskite-type nanocomposite using Crataegus and walnut leaf for electrochemical determination of morphine.

In this study, we addressed a selective and sensitive electrochemical approach for detecting morphine (MO) using the TbFeO/CuO nanocomposite. Crataegus and walnut leaf as the environmentally friendly agents were used to synthesis TbFeO/CuO and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), as well as vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) were employed for characterizing the products. In addition, chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DVP) were applied to examine the electrochemical behavior of MO. According to analysis, this new modified electrode had higher peak currents for MO oxidation than the unmodified SPE and the analytical curve for MO detection exhibited a wide linear response in the range between 0.07 and 300.0 μM for MO. Moreover, the limit of detection (LOD) of 10 nM for MO was achieved. Finally, TbFeO/CuO/SPE showed successful utilization for detecting MO in the real samples, with a good recovery in the range between 96% and 104.3%.