Zhai Xiaofan, Cao Wei, Zhang Yimeng, Ju Peng, Chen Juna, Duan Jizhou, Sun Chengjun
Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, Marine Bioresource and Environment Research Center, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-Fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Mar 18;13:831984. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.831984. eCollection 2022.
Biofilms formed on metal surfaces strongly affect metallic instruments serving in marine environments. However, due to sampling difficulty, less has been known about the bacterial communities of the biofilm on metallic surfaces in hadal environments, so the failure process of these deep-sea metallic instruments influenced by microbial communities could be hardly predicted. In this research, seven alloys, including titanium, aluminum, and copper alloys, were exposed in Yap Trench hadal environment for 1 year. Thus, the communities of the biofilms formed on metallic surfaces at 5,772 m undersea in Yap Trench were initially reported in previous studies. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed to visualize the bacterial communities of the biofilms formed on titanium, aluminum, and copper alloys at 5,772 m undersea in Yap Trench. It was found that Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in all samples, but distinct genera were discovered on various alloys. The titanium alloy provided a suitable substrate for a mutualistic symbiotic biofilm with abundant bacterial richness. Aluminum alloys without copper components showed the least bacterial richness and formed a cold-adapted and oligotrophic-adapted biofilm containing the genera and , while copper-present alloys showed relatively high bacterial richness with copper-resistant or even copper-utilizing biofilms constituting the genera , , and on the surfaces. Furthermore, among all the element components contained in alloys investigated in this research, copper element showed the strongest influences on the composition and function of microbial communities in the biofilms formed on various metallic surfaces.
在金属表面形成的生物膜会强烈影响在海洋环境中使用的金属器械。然而，由于采样困难，人们对超深渊环境中金属表面生物膜的细菌群落了解较少，因此很难预测受微生物群落影响的这些深海金属器械的失效过程。在本研究中，包括钛合金、铝合金和铜合金在内的七种合金在雅浦海沟超深渊环境中暴露了1年。因此，先前的研究首次报道了在雅浦海沟水下5772米的金属表面形成的生物膜群落。然后，进行16S rRNA基因测序，以可视化在雅浦海沟水下5772米处钛合金、铝合金和铜合金表面形成的生物膜的细菌群落。研究发现，变形菌门是所有样本中的优势菌门，但在不同合金上发现了不同的属。钛合金为具有丰富细菌丰富度的互利共生生物膜提供了合适的基质。不含铜成分的铝合金细菌丰富度最低，形成了一种适应低温和贫营养的生物膜，其中含有属和属，而含铜合金的细菌丰富度相对较高，其表面形成了含属、属和属的抗铜甚至利用铜的生物膜。此外，在本研究调查的合金所含的所有元素成分中，铜元素对在各种金属表面形成的生物膜中微生物群落的组成和功能影响最大。
