Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia.
Institute of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Mar 15;12:851404. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.851404. eCollection 2022.
The composition of centenarians' gut microbiota has consistently been used as a model for healthy aging studies. However, there is an incomplete understanding of how childhood living conditions and eating habits affect the development and composition of gastrointestinal microbiota in centenarians with good cognitive functions. We compared the gut microbiota as well as the living and eating habits of the oldest-old group and the young people group. The richness and diversity of microbiota and the abundance of hereditary and environmental microbes were higher in people with longevity than young people. People with longevity ate more potatoes and cereal products. In their childhood, they had more exposure to farm animals and did not have sewers compared with young people. Young people's gut microbiota contained more butyrate-producing bacteria and bacteria that characterized an animal-based Western diet. These results expand our understanding of the effects of childhood environment and diet on the development and stability of the microbiota in people with longevity.
百岁老人肠道微生物群的组成一直被用作健康衰老研究的模型。然而，对于儿童时期的生活条件和饮食习惯如何影响具有良好认知功能的百岁老人胃肠道微生物群的发育和组成，我们还不完全了解。我们比较了肠道微生物群以及最年长组和年轻人组的生活和饮食习惯。与年轻人相比，长寿人群的微生物丰富度和多样性以及遗传和环境微生物的丰度更高。长寿人群食用更多的土豆和谷物产品。在童年时期，他们与年轻人相比，更多地接触农场动物，没有下水道。年轻人的肠道微生物群含有更多产生丁酸的细菌和以动物为基础的西方饮食特征的细菌。这些结果扩展了我们对童年环境和饮食对长寿人群中微生物群的发育和稳定性的影响的认识。
